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Wiki Wiki Summary
Financial ratio A financial ratio or accounting ratio is a relative magnitude of two selected numerical values taken from an enterprise's financial statements. Often used in accounting, there are many standard ratios used to try to evaluate the overall financial condition of a corporation or other organization.
Gaussian elimination In mathematics, Gaussian elimination, also known as row reduction, is an algorithm for solving systems of linear equations. It consists of a sequence of operations performed on the corresponding matrix of coefficients.
Gordon v. Virtumundo, Inc. Gordon v. Virtumundo, Inc., 575 F.3d 1040, is a 2009 court opinion in which the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit addressed the standing requirements necessary for private plaintiffs to bring suit under the Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act of 2003, or CAN-SPAM Act of 2003, 15 U.S.C. ch.
Unreal Engine Unreal Engine (UE) is a 3D computer graphics game engine developed by Epic Games, first showcased in the 1998 first-person shooter game Unreal. Initially developed for PC first-person shooters, it has since been used in a variety of genres of games and has seen adoption by other industries, most notably the film and television industry.
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System is a drug classification system that classifies the active ingredients of drugs according to the organ or system on which they act and their therapeutic, pharmacological and chemical properties. Its purpose is an aid to monitor drug use and for research to improve quality medication use.
Software development Software development is the process of conceiving, specifying, designing, programming, documenting, testing, and bug fixing involved in creating and maintaining applications, frameworks, or other software components. Software development involves writing and maintaining the source code, but in a broader sense, it includes all processes from the conception of the desired software through to the final manifestation of the software, typically in a planned and structured process.
Vivek Murthy Vivek Hallegere Murthy (born July 10, 1977) is an American physician and a vice admiral in the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps who has served as the 19th and 21st surgeon general of the United States under President Obama and President Biden. Murthy is the first surgeon general of Indian descent, and, during his first term as surgeon general, he was the youngest active duty flag officer in federal uniformed service.Murthy co-chaired President-elect Joe Biden's COVID-19 Advisory Board from November 2020 to January 2021, alongside former Food and Drug Administration commissioner David A. Kessler and Yale public health professor Marcella Nunez-Smith.
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Katelyn Ohashi Katelyn Michelle Ohashi (born April 12, 1997) is an American former artistic gymnast who competed for the University of California, Los Angeles. She is a six-time All-American and was a four-time member of USA Gymnastics' Junior National Team, the 2011 junior national champion and the winner of the 2013 American Cup.
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Customer Profitability Analysis Customer Profitability Analysis (in short CPA) is a management accounting and a credit underwriting method, allowing businesses and lenders to determine the profitability of each customer or segments of customers, by attributing profits and costs to each customer separately. CPA can be applied at the individual customer level (more time consuming, but providing a better understanding of business situation) or at the level of customer aggregates / groups (e.g.
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Risk Factors
LILLY ELI & CO Item 1A Risk Factors In addition to the other information contained in this Form 10-K, the following risk factors should be considered carefully in evaluating our company
It is possible that our business, financial condition, liquidity or results of operations could be materially adversely affected by any of these risks
11 _________________________________________________________________ [59]Table of Contents • We face intense competition
We compete with large number of multinational pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology companies and generic pharmaceutical companies
To compete successfully, we must continue to deliver to the market innovative, cost-effective products that meet important medical needs
Our product sales can be adversely affected by the introduction by competitors of branded products that are perceived as superior by the marketplace, by generic versions of our branded products, and by generic versions of other products in the same therapeutic class as our branded products
Our long-term success depends on our ability to continually discover, develop, and commercialize innovative new pharmaceutical products
Without strong intellectual property protection, we would be unable to generate the returns necessary to support the enormous investments in research and development, capital, and other expenditures required to bring new drugs to the market
We currently expect no major patent expirations in this decade, but several major products will lose intellectual property protection in the first half of the next decade
Intellectual property protection varies throughout the world and is subject to change over time
In the US, the Hatch-Waxman Act provides generic companies powerful incentives to seek to invalidate our patents; as a result, we expect that our US patents on major products will be routinely challenged, and there can be no assurance that our patents will be upheld
In addition, competitors or other third parties may claim that our activities infringe patents or other intellectual property rights held by them
If successful, such claims could result in our being unable to market a product in a particular territory or being required to pay damages for past infringement or royalties on future sales
• Our business is subject to increasing government price controls and other health care cost containment measures
Government health care cost-containment measures can significantly affect our sales and profitability
In many countries outside the United States, government agencies strictly control, directly or indirectly, the prices at which our products are sold
In the United States, we are subject to substantial pricing pressures from state Medicaid programs and private insurance programs, including those operating under the new Medicare pharmaceutical benefit effective January 2006
We expect pricing pressures to increase
See Item I, “Business — Regulations Affecting Pharmaceutical Pricing and Reimbursement” for more details
Pharmaceutical research and development is costly and uncertain
There are many difficulties and uncertainties inherent in new product development and introduction of new products
New product candidates that appear promising in development may fail to reach the market or may have only limited commercial success because of efficacy or safety concerns, inability to obtain necessary regulatory approvals, limited scope of approved uses, difficulty or excessive costs to manufacture, or infringement of the patents or intellectual property rights of others
Delays and uncertainties in the FDA approval process and the approval processes in other countries can result in delays in product launches and lost market opportunity
In addition, it can be very difficult to predict sales growth rates of new products
Pharmaceutical products can develop unexpected safety or efficacy concerns
Unexpected safety or efficacy concerns can arise with respect to marketed products, whether or not scientifically justified, leading to product recalls, withdrawals, or declining sales, as well as product liability claims
12 _________________________________________________________________ [60]Table of Contents • Zyprexa contributes a major portion of our sales and earnings
Zyprexa, our largest-selling product, contributes a significant proportion of our total sales and income, and we believe Zyprexa will continue to be a major contributor to our sales and earnings for several years
An unexpected steep and extended decline in Zyprexa sales (resulting from, for example, an unexpected safety or efficacy concern, regulatory action, or premature loss of patent protection) could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity
Regulatory compliance failures could be damaging to the company
The marketing, promotional, and pricing practices of pharmaceutical manufacturers, as well as the manner in which manufacturers interact with purchasers and prescribers, are subject to extensive regulation
Many companies, including Lilly, have been subject to claims related to these practices asserted by federal and state governmental authorities and private payors and consumers
In particular, See Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Legal and Regulatory Matters”, for the discussions of the US sales and marketing practices investigations
In addition, regulatory issues concerning compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) regulations for pharmaceutical products can lead to product recalls and seizures, interruption of production leading to product shortages, and delays in the approvals of new products pending resolution of the cGMP issues
See Item 1, “Business — Regulation of our Operations”, for more details
• We face many product liability claims today, and future claims will be largely self-insured
We are subject to a substantial number of product liability claims involving primarily Zyprexa, DES, and thimerosal, and because of the nature of pharmaceutical products, it is possible that we could become subject to large numbers of product liability claims for other products in the future
See Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and