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Wiki Wiki Summary
Risk factors of schizophrenia Risk factors of schizophrenia include many genetic and environmental phenomena. The prevailing model of schizophrenia is that of a special neurodevelopmental disorder with no precise boundary or single cause (i.e.
Competitive inhibition Competitive inhibition is interruption of a chemical pathway owing to one chemical substance inhibiting the effect of another by competing with it for binding or bonding. Any metabolic or chemical messenger system can potentially be affected by this principle, but several classes of competitive inhibition are especially important in biochemistry and medicine, including the competitive form of enzyme inhibition, the competitive form of receptor antagonism, the competitive form of antimetabolite activity, and the competitive form of poisoning (which can include any of the aforementioned types).
Independent insurance agent Independent insurance agents, also known as insurance sales agents or "producers", typically sell a variety of insurance and financial products, including property insurance and casualty insurance, life insurance, health insurance, disability insurance, and long-term care insurance.\nProperty and casualty insurance agents sell insurance policies that protect individuals and businesses from financial loss resulting from automobile accidents, fire, theft, storms, and other events that can damage property.
Ultimate Beastmaster Ultimate Beastmaster is an American sports entertainment reality show competition that premiered on Netflix on February 24, 2017. The show differentiates itself from other obstacle course competition shows by showcasing not only international talent, but by producing six localized versions, featuring select television hosts, actors, comedians and athletes as commentators from the six countries competing in the show.
Athletics at the 2017 Southeast Asian Games – Women's Results The women's athletics competitions at the 2017 Southeast Asian Games in Kuala Lumpur took place at Bukit Jalil National Stadium in Kuala Lumpur.The 2017 Games featured competitions in 22 events (11 track, 2 road, 8 field and 1 combined).\n\n\n== 100 metres ==\n\n\n=== Records ===\nPrior to this competition, the existing Asian and SEA Games records were as follows:\n\n\n=== Results ===\nGreen denotes finalists.
Pricing strategies A business can use a variety of pricing strategies when selling a product or service. To determine the most effective pricing strategy for a company, senior executives need to first identify the company's pricing position, pricing segment, pricing capability and their competitive pricing reaction strategy.
Customer profitability Customer Profitability Analysis (in short CPA) is a management accounting and a credit underwriting method, allowing businesses and lenders to determine the profitability of each customer or segments of customers, by attributing profits and costs to each customer separately. CPA can be applied at the individual customer level (more time consuming, but providing a better understanding of business situation) or at the level of customer aggregates / groups (e.g.
Urbanization Urbanization (or urbanisation) refers to the population shift from rural to urban areas, the corresponding decrease in the proportion of people living in rural areas, and the ways in which societies adapt to this change. It is predominantly the process by which towns and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living and working in central areas.Although the 2 concepts are sometimes used interchangeably, urbanization should be distinguished from urban growth.
Utility maximization problem Utility maximization was first developed by utilitarian philosophers Jeremy Bentham and John Stewart Mill. In microeconomics, the utility maximization problem is the problem consumers face: "How should I spend my money in order to maximize my utility?" It is a type of optimal decision problem.
Banpresto Banpresto Co., Ltd. (formerly Coreland Technology Inc.) was a Japanese video game developer and publisher headquartered in Shinagawa, Tokyo.
Extract An extract is a substance made by extracting a part of a raw material, often by using a solvent such as ethanol, oil or water. Extracts may be sold as tinctures, absolutes or in powder form.
2007–2008 world food price crisis World food prices increased dramatically in 2007 and the first and second quarter of 2008, creating a global crisis and causing political and economic instability and social unrest in both poor and developed nations. Although the media spotlight focused on the riots that ensued in the face of high prices, the ongoing crisis of food insecurity had been years in the making.
Achievement test An achievement test is a test of developed skill or knowledge. The most common type of achievement test is a standardized test developed to measure skills and knowledge learned in a given grade level, usually through planned instruction, such as training or classroom instruction.
Monetary policy Monetary policy is the policy adopted by the monetary authority of a nation to control either the interest rate payable for very short-term borrowing (borrowing by banks from each other to meet their short-term needs) or the money supply, often as an attempt to reduce inflation or the interest rate, to ensure price stability and general trust of the value and stability of the nation's currency.\nMonetary policy is a modification of the supply of money, i.e.
Kernes Bloc — Successful Kharkiv Kernes Bloc — Successful Kharkiv (Ukrainian: Блок Кернеса — Успішний Харків, romanized: Blok Kernesa — Uspishnyy Kharkiv) is a political party of Ukraine, registered on April 12, 2016. The founder and first head of the political party was Hennadiy Kernes, who created it with the aim of participating in local elections in the Kharkiv Oblast, both in the City Council and in the Oblast Council.
Trustmark (bank) Trustmark is a commercial bank and financial services company headquartered in Jackson, Mississippi, United States, with subsidiaries Trustmark National Bank, Trustmark Investment Advisors, and Fisher Brown Bottrell Insurance. The bank's initial predecessor, The Jackson Bank, was chartered by the State of Mississippi in 1889.
Currency basket A currency basket is a portfolio of selected currencies with different weightings. A currency basket is commonly used by investors to minimize the risk of currency fluctuations and also governments when setting the market value of a country’s currency.An example of a currency basket is the European Currency Unit that was used by the European Community member states as the unit of account before being replaced by the euro.
Swap (finance) In finance, a swap is an agreement between two counterparties to exchange financial instruments or cashflows or payments for a certain time. The instruments can be almost anything but most swaps involve cash based on a notional principal amount.The general swap can also be seen as a series of forward contracts through which two parties exchange financial instruments, resulting in a common series of exchange dates and two streams of instruments, the legs of the swap.
Center for Regulatory Effectiveness The Center for Regulatory Effectiveness (CRE) is an industry-funded, for-profit think tank. It focuses on federal agency compliance with "good government" laws which regulate the regulators.
Hedge fund A hedge fund is a pooled investment fund that trades in relatively liquid assets and is able to make extensive use of more complex trading, portfolio-construction, and risk management techniques in an attempt to improve performance, such as short selling, leverage, and derivatives. Financial regulators generally restrict hedge fund marketing to institutional investors, high net worth individuals, and others who are considered sufficiently sophisticated.
Analytical technique Analytical technique is a method that is used to determine a chemical or physical property of a chemical substance, chemical element, or mixture. There are a wide variety of techniques used for analysis, from simple weighing to advanced techniques using highly specialized instrumentation.
Volatility (finance) In finance, volatility (usually denoted by σ) is the degree of variation of a trading price series over time, usually measured by the standard deviation of logarithmic returns.\nHistoric volatility measures a time series of past market prices.
The Truman Show The Truman Show is a 1998 American psychological science fiction satirical comedy-drama film directed by Peter Weir, produced by Scott Rudin, Andrew Niccol, Edward S. Feldman, and Adam Schroeder, and written by Niccol. The film stars Jim Carrey as Truman Burbank, a man who grew up living an ordinary life that—unbeknownst to him—takes place on a large set populated by actors for a television show about him.
Assurance (theology) Assurance, also known as the Witness of the Spirit, is a Protestant Christian doctrine that states that the inner witness of the Holy Spirit allows the Christian disciple to know that he or she is justified. Based on the writings of St.
Negativity bias The negativity bias, also known as the negativity effect, is the notion that, even when of equal intensity, things of a more negative nature (e.g. unpleasant thoughts, emotions, or social interactions; harmful/traumatic events) have a greater effect on one's psychological state and processes than neutral or positive things.
Statistical assumption Statistics, like all mathematical disciplines, does not infer valid conclusions from nothing. Inferring interesting conclusions about real statistical populations almost always requires some background assumptions.
Collateral (finance) In lending agreements, collateral is a borrower's pledge of specific property to a lender, to secure repayment of a loan. The collateral serves as a lender's protection against a borrower's default and so can be used to offset the loan if the borrower fails to pay the principal and interest satisfactorily under the terms of the lending agreement.
Interest rate ceiling An interest rate ceiling (also known as an interest rate cap) is a regulatory measure that prevents banks or other financial institutions from charging more than a certain level of interest.\n\n\n== Interest rate caps and their impact on financial inclusion ==\nResearch was conducted after Zambia reopened an old debate on a lending rate ceiling for banks and other financial institutions.
SG&A SG&A (alternately SGA, SAG, G&A or SGNA) is an initialism used in accounting to refer to Selling, General and Administrative Expenses, which is a major non-production cost presented in an income statement (statement of profit or loss).\nSGA expenses consist of the combined costs of operating the company, which breaks down to:\n\nSelling: The sum of all direct and indirect selling expenses, which includes salaries of labour (excluding those related to the production itself which are cost of goods sold), advertising expenses, rent, and all expenses and taxes related to selling product;\nGeneral: General operating expenses and taxes that are directly related to the general operation of the company, but do not relate to the other two categories;\nAdministration: Executive salaries and general support and all associated taxes related to the overall administration of the company.These expenses are sometimes referred to as company overheads, as they can not be traced directly to the production of goods.
Political authorities Political authorities hold positions of power or influence within a system of government. Although some are exclusive to one or another form of government, many exist within several types.
With Authority! With Authority! was an online wrestling game created by Genetic Anomalies in conjunction with THQ and the World Wrestling Federation (WWF).
Police action In military/security studies and international relations, police action is a military action undertaken without a formal declaration of war. Today the term counter-insurgency is more used.Since World War II, formal declarations of war have been rare, especially actions conducted by developed nations in connection with the Cold War.
Nocturnal emission A nocturnal emission, informally known as a wet dream, sex dream, nightfall or sleep orgasm, is a spontaneous orgasm during sleep that includes ejaculation for a male, or vaginal wetness or an orgasm (or both) for a female. Nocturnal emissions are most common during adolescence and early young adult years, but they may happen any time after puberty.
Family business A family business is a commercial organization in which decision-making is influenced by multiple generations of a family, related by blood or marriage or adoption, who has both the ability to influence the vision of the business and the willingness to use this ability to pursue distinctive goals. They are closely identified with the firm through leadership or ownership.
Risk Factors
INTERNATIONAL FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES INC Item 1A Risk Factors
Competitive factors may negatively impact our sales and marketability
The market for flavor and fragrance products is fragmented and highly competitive
IFF competes with many companies and some of the Companyapstas competitors specialize in one or more of our product lines while others sell many of the same product lines
In addition, some competitors may have greater financial and technical resources
Increased competition by existing or future competitors, including aggressive price competition, could result in the need for the Company to reduce prices or increase spending and this could have an impact on sales and profitability
The Company is subject to economic and social changes which may impact sales
Demand for consumer products using flavors and fragrances has been stimulated and broadened by changing social habits resulting from factors such as increases in personal income, dual-earner households, teenage population, leisure time, health concerns and urbanization and by the continued growth in world population
Changes in any number of external economic factors, or changes in social or consumer preferences, could adversely impact our results of operations
Results may be negatively impacted by the price, quality and availability of raw materials
Raw materials are purchased from many sources from all over the world, including essential oils, extracts and concentrate derived from fruits, vegetables, flowers, woods and other botanicals, animal products, raw fruits and organic chemicals
Disruptions in the supply or quality of ingredients or rising prices for ingredients purchased could adversely impact results of operations and profitability of the Company
Results may be negatively impacted by the inability to implement the Company’s business strategy, including the achievement of anticipated cost savings, profitability or growth targets
The Company is committed to those particular business strategies which have been identified as likely to drive profitable future growth and improve operations and customer service
If the Company is unable to successfully and timely implement these strategies, it would adversely impact the financial condition and results of operations of the Company
8 _________________________________________________________________ Results may be negatively impacted by the impact of currency fluctuation or devaluation in principal foreign markets and the effectiveness of hedging and risk management strategies
The Company’s operations are conducted in many countries, the results of which are reported in the local currency and then translated into US dollars at applicable exchange rates
The exchange rates between these currencies and the US dollar have fluctuated and may continue to do so in the future
The Company employs a variety of techniques to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations, including foreign currency hedging activities
However, volatility in currency exchange rates may adversely impact the Company’s reported results of operations, financial condition or liquidity
The Company’s results may be negatively impacted by the outcome of uncertainties related to litigation
The Company is involved in a number of legal claims
While the Company believes that related insurance coverage is adequate with respect to such claims, the Company cannot predict the ultimate outcome of such litigation
In addition, the Company cannot provide assurance that future events will not require an increase in the amount accrued for any such claims, or require accrual for one or more claims that has not been previously accrued
The Company’s results and cash flows may be negatively impacted by future pension funding and other postretirement obligations
The Company establishes assumptions concerning discount rates and actuarial assumptions regarding pension funding and other postretirement benefit obligations based on current market conditions, plan participants, asset returns, interest rates and other factors
Changes in pension and other postretirement benefits, and associated expenses, may occur in the future due to changes in demographics and assumptions
These changes may adversely impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity
The Company’s results may be negatively impacted by the effect of legal and regulatory requirements, as well as restrictions imposed on operations by foreign and domestic governmental entities
Manufacture and sale of the Companyapstas products are subject to regulation in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration, the Agriculture Department, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the Drug Enforcement Administration and state authorities
Foreign operations of the Company are subject to similar governmental regulation in a number of countries
Compliance with existing governmental requirements and future governmental regulations may adversely impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity
The Company may face risks associated with events which may affect the world economy
World events such as terrorist attacks, the current US military action in the Middle East and elsewhere, and hostilities in the Middle East, Asia and other geographical areas, have and may in the future weaken the US and world economies
Any resulting weaknesses in these economies may adversely affect the Company’s business or the businesses of our customers, with a resultant negative impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity