| Industries |
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| Health Care Facilities |
| Fertilizers and Agricultural Chemicals |
| Diversified Chemicals |
| Specialty Chemicals |
| Integrated Oil and Gas |
| Environmental Services |
| Oil and Gas Exploration and Production |
| Construction and Engineering |
| Exposures |
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| Military |
| Express intent |
| Ease |
| Regime |
| Cooperate |
| Event Codes |
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| Solicit support |
| Human death |
| Warn |
| Host meeting |
| Acknowledge responsibility |
| Reject |
| Reward |
| Yield to order |
| Yield |
| Sanction |
| Threaten |
| Agree |
| Pessimistic comment |
| Travel to meet |
| Wiki | Wiki Summary |
|---|---|
| Arithmetic | Arithmetic (from Ancient Greek ἀριθμός (arithmós) 'number', and τική [τέχνη] (tikḗ [tékhnē]) 'art, craft') is an elementary part of mathematics that consists of the study of the properties of the traditional operations on numbers—addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and extraction of roots. In the 19th century, Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano formalized arithmetic with his Peano axioms, which are highly important to the field of mathematical logic today. |
| Surgery | Surgery is a medical or dental specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a person to investigate or treat a pathological condition such as a disease or injury, to help improve bodily function, appearance, or to repair unwanted ruptured areas.\nThe act of performing surgery may be called a surgical procedure, operation, or simply "surgery". |
| Financial ratio | A financial ratio or accounting ratio is a relative magnitude of two selected numerical values taken from an enterprise's financial statements. Often used in accounting, there are many standard ratios used to try to evaluate the overall financial condition of a corporation or other organization. |
| Financial law | Financial law is the law and regulation of the insurance, derivatives, commercial banking, capital markets and investment management sectors. Understanding Financial law is crucial to appreciating the creation and formation of banking and financial regulation, as well as the legal framework for finance generally. |
| Financial analysis | Financial analysis (also referred to as financial statement analysis or accounting analysis or Analysis of finance) refers to an assessment of the viability, stability, and profitability of a business, sub-business or project. \nIt is performed by professionals who prepare reports using ratios and other techniques, that make use of information taken from financial statements and other reports. |
| Natural gas | Natural law (Latin: ius naturale, lex naturalis) is a system of law based on a close observation of human nature, and based on values intrinsic to human nature that can be deduced and applied independently of positive law (the express enacted laws of a state or society). According to natural law theory, all people have inherent rights, conferred not by act of legislation but by "God, nature, or reason." Natural law theory can also refer to "theories of ethics, theories of politics, theories of civil law, and theories of religious morality."In the Western tradition it was anticipated by the Pre-Socratics, for example in their search for principles that governed the cosmos and human beings. |
| Natural gas in Israel | Natural gas in Israel is a primary energy source in Israel, mainly utilized for electricity production and to lesser degree in industry. Israel began producing natural gas from its own offshore gas fields in 2004. |
| The Walt Disney Company | The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney (), is an American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios complex in Burbank, California.\nDisney was originally founded on October 16, 1923, by brothers Walt and Roy O. Disney as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio; it also operated under the names the Walt Disney Studio and Walt Disney Productions before changing its name to the Walt Disney Company in 1986. |
| Conxita Julià | Conxita Julià i Farrés (Catalan pronunciation: [kuɲˈʃitə ʒuliˈa j fəˈres]; 11 June 1920 – 9 January 2019), also known as Conxita de Carrasco, was a Catalan woman noted for her dealings with Lluís Companys, President of Catalonia, in the 1930s, and for her poetry. Julià died in January 2019 at the age of 98. |
| Oil reserves | Oil reserves denote the amount of crude oil that can be technically recovered at a cost that is financially feasible at the present price of oil. Hence reserves will change with the price, unlike oil resources, which include all oil that can be technically recovered at any price. |
| Significant figures | Significant figures (also known as the significant digits, precision or resolution) of a number in positional notation are digits in the number that are reliable and necessary to indicate the quantity of something.\nIf a number expressing the result of a measurement (e.g., length, pressure, volume, or mass) has more digits than the number of digits allowed by the measurement resolution, then only as many digits as allowed by the measurement resolution are reliable, and so only these can be significant figures. |
| Significant form | Significant form refers to an aesthetic theory developed by English art critic Clive Bell which specified a set of criteria for what qualified as a work of art. |
| Significant Mother | Significant Mother is an American television sitcom created by Erin Cardillo and Richard Keith. Starring Josh Zuckerman, Nathaniel Buzolic and Krista Allen, it premiered on The CW network on August 3 and ended its run on October 5, 2015. |
| Oil sands | Oil sands, tar sands, crude bitumen, or bituminous sands, are a type of unconventional petroleum deposit. Oil sands are either loose sands or partially consolidated sandstone containing a naturally occurring mixture of sand, clay, and water, soaked with bitumen, a dense and extremely viscous form of petroleum. |
| Oil refinery | An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refined into useful products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, asphalt base, fuel oils, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas and petroleum naphtha. Petrochemicals feedstock like ethylene and propylene can also be produced directly by cracking crude oil without the need of using refined products of crude oil such as naphtha. |
| Petroleum refining in the United States | Petroleum refining in the United States in 2013 produced 18.9 million barrels per day of refined petroleum products, more than any other country. Although the US was the world's largest net importer of refined petroleum products as recently as 2008, the US became a net exporter in 2010, and in 2014 was the largest exporter and the largest net exporter of refined petroleum. |
| The Weather Company | The Weather Company is a weather forecasting and information technology company that owns and operates weather.com and Weather Underground. The Weather Company has been a subsidiary of the Watson & Cloud Platform business unit of IBM since 2016. |
| The Longaberger Company | The Longaberger Company is an American manufacturer and distributor of handcrafted maple wood baskets and other home and lifestyle products. The company opened in 1973, was acquired in 2013 by CVSL, Inc., and closed in 2018. |
| To the Stars (company) | To the Stars... Academy of Arts & Sciences (often referred to as To the Stars or TTSA) is a San Diego-based company co-founded by Tom DeLonge, guitarist of Blink-182 and Angels & Airwaves; Harold E. Puthoff; and Jim Semivan. |
| Flight Facilities | Flight Facilities is an Australian electronic producer duo that also performs as Hugo & Jimmy. In 2009, they began mixing songs by other artists before crafting their own original material. |
| Pedestrian facilities | Pedestrian facilities include retail shops, museums, mass events (such as festivals or concert halls), hospitals, transport hubs (such as train stations or airports), sports infrastructure (such as stadiums) and religious infrastructures. The transport mode in such infrastructures is mostly walking, with rare exceptions. |
| Facilities engineering | Facilities engineering evolved from "plant engineering" in the early 1990s as U.S. workplaces became more specialized. Practitioners preferred this term because it more accurately reflected the multidisciplinary demands for specialized conditions in a wider variety of indoor environments, not merely manufacturing plants. |
| Chemical industry | The chemical industry comprises the companies that produce industrial chemicals. Central to the modern world economy, it converts raw materials (oil, natural gas, air, water, metals, and minerals) into more than 70,000 different products. |
| Environmental protection | Environmental protection is the practice of protecting the natural environment by individuals, organizations and governments. Its objectives are to conserve natural resources and the existing natural environment and, where possible, to repair damage and reverse trends.Due to the pressures of overconsumption, population growth and technology, the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. |
| Environmental ethics | In environmental philosophy, environmental ethics is an established field of practical philosophy "which reconstructs the essential types of argumentation that can be made for protecting natural entities and the sustainable use of natural resources." The main competing paradigms are anthropocentrism, physiocentrism (called ecocentrism as well), and theocentrism. Environmental ethics exerts influence on a large range of disciplines including environmental law, environmental sociology, ecotheology, ecological economics, ecology and environmental geography. |
| Legislation | A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government. |
| Magnitsky legislation | Magnitsky legislation refers to laws providing for governmental sanctions against foreign individuals who have committed human rights abuses or been involved in significant corruption. They originated with the United States which passed the first Magnitsky legislation in 2012, following the execution of Sergei Magnitsky in Russia in 2009. |
| Cyberstalking legislation | Cyberstalking and cyberbullying are relatively new phenomena, but that does not mean that crimes committed through the network are not punishable under legislation drafted for that purpose. Although there are often existing laws that prohibit stalking or harassment in a general sense, legislators sometimes believe that such laws are inadequate or do not go far enough, and thus bring forward new legislation to address this perceived shortcoming. |
| List of countries by research and development spending | This is a list of countries by research and development (R&D) spending in real terms and as per latest data available.\n\n\n== List ==\nOnly those nations which annually spend more than 50 million dollars have been included. |
| Limited liability | Limited liability is a legal status where a person's financial liability is limited to a fixed sum, most commonly the value of a person's investment in a corporation, company or partnership. If a company that provides limited liability to its investors is sued, then the claimants are generally entitled to collect only against the assets of the company, not the assets of its shareholders or other investors. |
| Lazy evaluation | In programming language theory, lazy evaluation, or call-by-need, is an evaluation strategy which delays the evaluation of an expression until its value is needed (non-strict evaluation) and which also avoids repeated evaluations (sharing).The benefits of lazy evaluation include: \n\nThe ability to define control flow (structures) as abstractions instead of primitives.\nThe ability to define potentially infinite data structures. |
| Educational evaluation | Educational evaluation is the evaluation process of characterizing and appraising some aspect/s of an educational process.\nThere are two common purposes in educational evaluation which are, at times, in conflict with one another. |
| Economic evaluation | Economic evaluation is the process of systematic identification, measurement and valuation of the inputs and outcomes of two alternative activities, and the subsequent comparative analysis of these. The purpose of economic evaluation is to identify the best course of action, based on the evidence available. |
| Propagation of uncertainty | In statistics, propagation of uncertainty (or propagation of error) is the effect of variables' uncertainties (or errors, more specifically random errors) on the uncertainty of a function based on them. When the variables are the values of experimental measurements they have uncertainties due to measurement limitations (e.g., instrument precision) which propagate due to the combination of variables in the function. |
| Estimates | In the Westminster system of government, the Estimates are an outline of government spending for the following fiscal year presented by the cabinet to parliament. The Estimates are drawn up by bureaucrats in the finance ministry in collaboration with cabinet ministers. |
| Schauder estimates | In mathematics, the Schauder estimates are a collection of results due to Juliusz Schauder (1934, 1937) concerning the regularity of solutions to linear, uniformly elliptic partial differential equations. The estimates say that when the equation has appropriately smooth terms and appropriately smooth solutions, then the Hölder norm of the solution can be controlled in terms of the Hölder norms for the coefficient and source terms. |
| List of countries by past and projected GDP (PPP) per capita | This is an alphabetical list of countries by past and projected Gross Domestic Product per capita, based on the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) methodology, not on official exchange rates. Values are given in USDs. |
| Risk Factors |
|---|
| IMPERIAL OIL LTD Item 1A Risk Factors |
| Volatility of Oil and Natural Gas Prices The Company’s results of operations and financial condition are dependent on the prices it receives for its oil and natural gas production |
| Crude oil and natural gas prices are determined by global and North American markets and are subject to changing supply and demand conditions |
| These can be influenced by a wide range of factors including economic conditions, international political developments and weather |
| In the past, crude oil and natural gas prices have been volatile, and the Company expects that volatility to continue |
| Any material decline in oil or natural gas prices could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations, financial condition, proven reserves and the amount spent to develop oil and natural gas reserves |
| A significant portion of the Company’s production is heavy oil |
| The market prices for heavy oil differ from the established market indices for light and medium grades of oil principally due to the higher transportation and refining costs associated with heavy oil and limited refining capacity capable of processing heavy oil |
| As a result, the price received for heavy oil is generally lower than the price for medium and light oil, and the production costs associated with heavy oil are often relatively higher than for lighter grades |
| Future differentials are uncertain and increases in the heavy oil differentials could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business |
| The Company does not use derivative markets to hedge or sell forward any part of production from any business segment |
| 15 _________________________________________________________________ [55]Table of Contents Competitive Factors The oil and gas industry is highly competitive, particularly in the following areas: searching for and developing new sources of supply; constructing and operating crude oil, natural gas and refined products pipelines and facilities; and the refining, distribution and marketing of petroleum products and chemicals |
| The Company’s competitors include major integrated oil and gas companies and numerous other independent oil and gas companies |
| The petroleum industry also competes with other industries in supplying energy, fuel and related products to customers |
| Competitive forces may result in shortages of prospects to drill, services to carry out exploration, development or operating activities and infrastructure to produce and transport production |
| It may also result in an oversupply of crude oil, natural gas, petroleum products and chemicals |
| Each of these factors could have a negative impact on costs and prices and, therefore, the Company’s financial results |
| Environmental Risks All phases of the upstream, downstream and chemicals businesses are subject to environmental regulation pursuant to a variety of Canadian federal, provincial and municipal laws and regulations, as well as international conventions (collectively, “environmental legislation”) |
| Environmental legislation imposes, among other things, restrictions, liabilities and obligations in connection with the generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of hazardous substances and waste and in connection with spills, releases and emissions of various substances to the environment |
| As well, environmental regulations are imposed on the qualities and compositions of the products sold and imported |
| Environmental legislation also requires that wells, facility sites and other properties associated with the Company’s operations be operated, maintained, abandoned and reclaimed to the satisfaction of applicable regulatory authorities |
| In addition, certain types of operations, including exploration and development projects and significant changes to certain existing projects, may require the submission and approval of environmental impact assessments |
| Compliance with environmental legislation can require significant expenditures and failure to comply with environmental legislation may result in the imposition of fines and penalties and liability for clean up costs and damages |
| The Company cannot assure that the costs of complying with environmental legislation in the future will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations |
| The Company anticipates that changes in environmental legislation may require, among other things, reductions in emissions to the air from its operations and result in increased capital expenditures |
| Future changes in environmental legislation could occur and result in stricter standards and enforcement, larger fines and liability, and increased capital expenditures and operating costs, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations |
| Kyoto Protocol Canada is a signatory to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and has ratified the Kyoto Protocol established thereunder to set legally-binding targets to reduce nation-wide emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and other so-called “greenhouse gases” |
| The Government of Canada has indicated an intent to issue regulations limiting greenhouse gas emissions from various industrial activities, including oil and natural gas exploration and production, petroleum refining, and some chemical manufacturing |
| The Province of Alberta may also issue regulations under Alberta’s Climate Change and Emissions Management Act limiting greenhouse gas emissions, as might other provinces |
| Mandatory emissions limits may result in increased operating costs and capital expenditures for oil and natural gas producers, refiners and chemical manufacturers, and also may reduce demand for the Company’s products, possibly adversely affecting the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows |
| However, while the government has outlined broad guidelines of a possible regulatory framework, it has not determined what specific measures it might impose on companies |
| Consequently attempts to assess the magnitude of any impact on the Company can only be speculative |
| Other Regulatory Risk The Company is subject to a wide range of legislation and regulation governing its operations over which it has no control |
| Changes may affect every aspect of Company operations and financial performance |
| 16 _________________________________________________________________ [56]Table of Contents Need to Replace Reserves The Company’s future oil, tar sands and natural gas reserves and production, and therefore cash flows, are highly dependent upon the Company’s success in exploiting its current reserve base and acquiring or discovering additional reserves |
| Without additions to the Company’s reserves through exploration, acquisition or development activities, reserves and production will decline over time as reserves are depleted |
| The business of exploring for, developing or acquiring reserves is capital intensive |
| To the extent cash flows from operations are insufficient to fund capital expenditures and external sources of capital become limited or unavailable, the Company’s ability to make the necessary capital investments to maintain and expand oil and natural gas reserves will be impaired |
| In addition, the Company may be unable to find and develop or acquire additional reserves to replace oil and natural gas production at acceptable costs |
| Other Business Risks Exploring for, producing and transporting petroleum substances involve many risks, which even a combination of experience, knowledge and careful evaluation may not be able to overcome |
| These activities are subject to a number of hazards which may result in fires, explosions, spills, blow-outs or other unexpected or dangerous conditions causing personal injury, property damage, environmental damage and interruption of operations |
| The Company’s insurance may not provide adequate coverage in certain unforeseen circumstances |
| Uncertainty of Reserve Estimates There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of reserves, including many factors beyond the Company’s control |
| In general, estimates of economically recoverable oil and natural gas reserves and the future net cash flow therefrom are based upon a number of factors and assumptions made as of the date on which the reserve estimates were determined, such as geological and engineering estimates which have inherent uncertainties, the assumed effects of regulation by governmental agencies and future commodity prices and operating costs, all of which may vary considerably from actual results |
| All such estimates are, to some degree, uncertain and classifications of reserves are only attempts to define the degree of uncertainty involved |
| For these reasons, estimates of the economically recoverable oil and natural gas reserves, the classification of such reserves based on risk of recovery and estimates of future net revenues expected therefrom, prepared by different engineers or by the same engineers at different times, may vary substantially |
| Actual production, revenues, taxes and development, abandonment and operating expenditures with respect to its reserves will likely vary from such estimates, and such variances could be material |
| Estimates with respect to reserves that may be developed and produced in the future are often based upon volumetric calculations and upon analogy to similar types of reserves, rather than upon actual production history |
| Estimates based on these methods generally are less reliable than those based on actual production history |
| Subsequent evaluation of the same reserves based upon production history will result in variations, which may be material, in the estimated reserves |
| Project Factors The Company’s results depend on its ability to develop and operate major projects and facilities as planned |
| The Company’s results will, therefore, be affected by events or conditions that affect the advancement, operation, cost or results of such projects or facilities |
| These risks include the Company’s ability to obtain the necessary environmental and other regulatory approvals; changes in resources and operating costs including the availability and cost of materials, equipment and qualified personnel; the impact of general economic, business and market conditions; and the occurrence of unforeseen technical difficulties |
| Market Risk Factors See Item 7A for a discussion of the impact of market risks and other uncertainties |