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Wiki Wiki Summary
Measurement uncertainty In metrology, measurement uncertainty is the expression of the statistical dispersion of the values attributed to a measured quantity. All measurements are subject to uncertainty and a measurement result is complete only when it is accompanied by a statement of the associated uncertainty, such as the standard deviation.
Uncertainty Uncertainty refers to epistemic situations involving imperfect or unknown information. It applies to predictions of future events, to physical measurements that are already made, or to the unknown.
Fear, uncertainty, and doubt Fear, uncertainty, and doubt (often shortened to FUD) is a propaganda tactic used in sales, marketing, public relations, politics, polling and cults. FUD is generally a strategy to influence perception by disseminating negative and dubious or false information and a manifestation of the appeal to fear.
Cone of Uncertainty In project management, the Cone of Uncertainty describes the evolution of the amount of best case uncertainty during a project. At the beginning of a project, comparatively little is known about the product or work results, and so estimates are subject to large uncertainty.
Uncertainty budget The uncertainty budget is an aid for specifying the expanded measurement uncertainty. The individual measurement uncertainty factors are summarised, usually in tabular form, in the measurement uncertainty budget.
Arithmetic Arithmetic (from Ancient Greek ἀριθμός (arithmós) 'number', and τική [τέχνη] (tikḗ [tékhnē]) 'art, craft') is an elementary part of mathematics that consists of the study of the properties of the traditional operations on numbers—addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and extraction of roots. In the 19th century, Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano formalized arithmetic with his Peano axioms, which are highly important to the field of mathematical logic today.
Operation Mincemeat Operation Mincemeat was a successful British deception operation of the Second World War to disguise the 1943 Allied invasion of Sicily. Two members of British intelligence obtained the body of Glyndwr Michael, a tramp who died from eating rat poison, dressed him as an officer of the Royal Marines and placed personal items on him identifying him as the fictitious Captain (Acting Major) William Martin.
Special Activities Center The Special Activities Center (SAC) is a division of the Central Intelligence Agency responsible for covert operations and paramilitary operations. The unit was named Special Activities Division (SAD) prior to 2015.
Operations management Operations management is an area of management concerned with designing and controlling the process of production and redesigning business operations in the production of goods or services. It involves the responsibility of ensuring that business operations are efficient in terms of using as few resources as needed and effective in meeting customer requirements.
Emergency operations center An emergency operations center (EOC) is a central command and control facility responsible for carrying out the principles of emergency preparedness and emergency management, or disaster management functions at a strategic level during an emergency, and ensuring the continuity of operation of a company, political subdivision or other organization.\nAn EOC is responsible for strategic direction and operational decisions and does not normally directly control field assets, instead leaving tactical decisions to lower commands.
Operations research Operations research (British English: operational research), often shortened to the initialism OR, is a discipline that deals with the development and application of advanced analytical methods to improve decision-making. It is sometimes considered to be a subfield of mathematical sciences.
Surgery Surgery is a medical or dental specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a person to investigate or treat a pathological condition such as a disease or injury, to help improve bodily function, appearance, or to repair unwanted ruptured areas.\nThe act of performing surgery may be called a surgical procedure, operation, or simply "surgery".
Bitwise operation In computer programming, a bitwise operation operates on a bit string, a bit array or a binary numeral (considered as a bit string) at the level of its individual bits. It is a fast and simple action, basic to the higher-level arithmetic operations and directly supported by the processor.
Operation (mathematics) In mathematics, an operation is a function which takes zero or more input values (called operands) to a well-defined output value. The number of operands (also known as arguments) is the arity of the operation.
Financial accounting Financial accounting is the field of accounting concerned with the summary, analysis and reporting of financial transactions related to a business. This involves the preparation of financial statements available for public use.
International Financial Reporting Standards International Financial Reporting Standards, commonly called IFRS, are accounting standards issued by the IFRS Foundation and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). They constitute a standardised way of describing the company's financial performance and position so that company financial statements are understandable and comparable across international boundaries.
Chief financial officer The chief financial officer (CFO) is an officer of a company or organization that is assigned the primary responsibility for managing the company's finances, including financial planning, management of financial risks, record-keeping, and financial reporting. In some sectors, the CFO is also responsible for analysis of data.
List of financial performance measures This article comprises a list of measures of financial performance.
Starbucks Starbucks Corporation is an American multinational chain of coffeehouses and roastery reserves headquartered in Seattle, Washington. It is the world's largest coffeehouse chain.
Income statement An income statement or profit and loss account (also referred to as a profit and loss statement (P&L), statement of profit or loss, revenue statement, statement of financial performance, earnings statement, statement of earnings, operating statement, or statement of operations) is one of the financial statements of a company and shows the company's revenues and expenses during a particular period.It indicates how the revenues (also known as the “top line”) are transformed into the net income or net profit (the result after all revenues and expenses have been accounted for). The purpose of the income statement is to show managers and investors whether the company made money (profit) or lost money (loss) during the period being reported.
Organizational performance Organizational performance comprises the actual output or results of an organization as measured against its intended outputs (or goals and objectives).\nOrganizational performance also the success or fulfilment of organization at end of program or projects as it is intended.
Environmental, social, and corporate governance Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) is an approach to evaluating the extent to which a corporation works on behalf of social goals that go beyond the role of a corporation to maximize profits on behalf of the corporation's shareholders. Typically, the social goals advocated within an ESG perspective include working to achieve a certain set of environmental goals, as well as a set of goals having to do with supporting certain social movements, and a third set of goals having to do with whether the corporation is governed in a way that is consistent with the goals of the diversity, equity, and inclusion movement.A variety of governmental organizations and financial institutions have devised ways to measure the extent to which a specific corporation is aligned with ESG goals.
Corporate social responsibility Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a form of international private business self-regulation which aims to contribute to societal goals of a philanthropic, activist, or charitable nature by engaging in or supporting volunteering or ethically oriented practices. While once it was possible to describe CSR as an internal organizational policy or a corporate ethic strategy, that time has passed as various national and international laws have been developed.
Business acumen Business acumen, also known as business savviness, business sense and business understanding, is keenness and quickness in understanding and dealing with a business situation (risks and opportunities) in a manner that is likely to lead to a good outcome. Additionally, business acumen has emerged as a vehicle for improving financial performance and leadership development.
Competition Competition is a rivalry where two or more parties strive for a common goal which cannot be shared: where one's gain is the other's loss (an example of which is a zero-sum game). Competition can arise between entities such as organisms, individuals, economic and social groups, etc.
Competitor analysis Competitive analysis in marketing and strategic management is an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of current and potential competitors. This analysis provides both an offensive and defensive strategic context to identify opportunities and threats.
Competitor backlinking Competitor backlinking is a search engine optimization strategy that involves analyzing the backlinks of competing websites within a vertical search. The outcome of this activity is designed to increase organic search engine rankings and to gain an understanding of the link building strategies used by business competitors.By analyzing the backlinks to competitor websites, it is possible to gain a benchmark on the number of links and the quality of links that is required for high search engine rankings.
Competitors for the Crown of Scotland When the crown of Scotland became vacant in September 1290 on the death of the seven-year-old child Queen Margaret, 13 claimants to the throne came forward. Those with the most credible claims were John Balliol, Robert Bruce, John Hastings and Floris V, Count of Holland.
List of Dancing with the Stars (American TV series) competitors Dancing with the Stars is an American reality television show in which celebrity contestants and professional dance partners compete to be the best dancers, as determined by the show's judges and public voting. The series first broadcast in 2005, and thirty complete seasons have aired on ABC. During each season, competitors are progressively eliminated on the basis of public voting and scores received from the judges until only a few contestants remain.
Competitor Group Competitor Group, Inc. (CGI) is a privately held, for-profit, sports marketing and management company based in Mira Mesa, San Diego, California.
Round-robin tournament A round-robin tournament (or all-play-all tournament) is a competition in which each contestant meets every other participant, usually in turn. A round-robin contrasts with an elimination tournament, in which participants are eliminated after a certain number of losses.
Regulation Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context.
Formula One regulations The numerous Formula One regulations, made and enforced by the FIA and later the FISA, have changed dramatically since the first Formula One World Championship in 1950. This article covers the current state of F1 technical and sporting regulations, as well as the history of the technical regulations since 1950.
Radio regulation Radio regulation refers to the regulation and licensing of radio in international law, by individual governments, and by municipalities.\n\n\n== International regulation ==\nThe International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that is responsible for issues that concern information and communication technologies.
New York Codes, Rules and Regulations The New York Codes, Rules and Regulations (NYCRR) contains New York state rules and regulations. The NYCRR is officially compiled by the New York State Department of State's Division of Administrative Rules.
Risk Factors
DONALDSON CO INC Item 1A RISK FACTORS There are inherent risks and uncertainties associated with our global operations that involve manufacturing and sale of products for highly demanding customer applications throughout the world
The risks and uncertainties associated with our business could adversely affect our operating performance or financial condition
The following discussion along with discussions elsewhere in this report outlines the risks and uncertainties that we believe are the most material to our business
However, these are not the only risks or uncertainties that could affect our business
Therefore, the following is not intended to be a complete discussion of all potential risks or uncertainties
Unfavorable fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could negatively impact our results of operations and financial position
We have operations in many countries
Each of our subsidiaries reports its results of operations and financial position in its relevant foreign currency, which is then translated into United States dollars
The translated financial information is included in our consolidated financial statements
The strengthening of the United States dollar in comparison to the foreign currencies of our subsidiaries could have a negative impact on our results of operations or financial position
Operating internationally carries risks which could negatively effect our financial performance
We have sales and manufacturing operations throughout the world, with the heaviest concentrations in North America, Europe and Asia
Our stability, growth and profitability are subject to a number of risks of doing business internationally that could harm our business, including: • political and military events, • legal and regulatory requirements in local jurisdictions, • tariffs and trade barriers, • potential difficulties in staffing and managing local operations, • credit risk of local customers and distributors, • difficulties in protecting intellectual property, and • local economic, political and social conditions, specifically in China where we have significant investments in both our Engine and Industrial products segments
Maintaining a competitive advantage requires continuing investment, with uncertain returns
We operate in highly competitive markets and have numerous competitors who may already be well established in those markets
We experience price pressures from these competitors in certain product lines and geographic markets
We expect our competitors to continue improving the design and performance of their products and to introduce new products that are competitive in both price and performance
We believe that we have certain technological advantages over our competitors but maintaining 3 _________________________________________________________________ [43]Table of Contents these advantages requires us to continually invest in research and development, sales and marketing and customer service and support
There is no guarantee that we will be successful in maintaining these advantages
We are currently making investments in emissions technology development to meet the changing regulatory requirements worldwide
Our financial performance may be negatively impacted if a competitor’s successful product innovation reaches the market before ours or gains broader market acceptance before our product offerings
A number of our major OEM customers manufacture component products for their own use
Although these OEM customers rely on us and other suppliers for other of their component products, they could choose to manufacture additional component products for their own use
There is also a risk that one of our customers would acquire one of our competitors
We may be adversely impacted by changes in technology that could reduce or eliminate the demand for our products
We are at risk with respect to: • Breakthroughs in technology which provide a viable alternative to diesel engines
• Reduced demand for disk drive products if our customers further develop flash memory or a similar technology which would eliminate the need for filtration solutions
Acquisitions may not necessarily have a positive impact on our results
We have and continue to pursue acquisitions of complementary product lines, technologies and businesses
We cannot guarantee that these acquisitions will have a positive impact on our results
These acquisitions could negatively impact our profitability due to dilutive issuances of equity securities, the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities and amortization expenses related to intangible assets
There are also a number of risks involved in acquisitions
For example, we could have difficulties in assimilating the acquired operations, assume unanticipated legal liabilities or lose key employees of the acquired company
Compliance with environmental laws and regulations can be costly
We are subject to many environmental laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate
We incur product development capital and operating costs in order to comply with these laws and regulations
We may be adversely impacted by new or changing environmental laws and regulations that affect both our operations and our ability to develop and sell products that meet our customers’ product and performance requirements
Demand for our products relies on economic and industrial conditions worldwide
Demand for certain of our products tends to be cyclical and responds to varying levels of construction, agricultural, mining and industrial activity in the United States and in other industrialized nations
Sales to Caterpillar, Inc
and its subsidiaries have accounted for greater than 10 percent of our net sales in the past three fiscal years
An adverse change in Caterpillar’s financial performance or a material reduction in our sales to it could negatively impact our operating results
Unavailable or higher cost materials could result in our customers being dissatisfied
We obtain raw material and certain manufactured components from third-party suppliers and tend to carry limited raw material inventories
Even a brief unanticipated delay in delivery or increases in prices by our suppliers could result in the inability to satisfy our customers on delivery and pricing
This could negatively affect our financial performance
We sell products in various product lines that have varying profit margins
Our financial performance can be impacted positively or negatively depending on the mix of products we sell during a given period as compared to a previous period