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Wiki Wiki Summary
Arithmetic Arithmetic (from Ancient Greek ἀριθμός (arithmós) 'number', and τική [τέχνη] (tikḗ [tékhnē]) 'art, craft') is an elementary part of mathematics that consists of the study of the properties of the traditional operations on numbers—addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and extraction of roots. In the 19th century, Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano formalized arithmetic with his Peano axioms, which are highly important to the field of mathematical logic today.
Special Activities Center The Special Activities Center (SAC) is a division of the Central Intelligence Agency responsible for covert operations and paramilitary operations. The unit was named Special Activities Division (SAD) prior to 2015.
Special operations Special operations (S.O.) are military activities conducted, according to NATO, by "specially designated, organized, selected, trained, and equipped forces using unconventional techniques and modes of employment". Special operations may include reconnaissance, unconventional warfare, and counter-terrorism actions, and are typically conducted by small groups of highly-trained personnel, emphasizing sufficiency, stealth, speed, and tactical coordination, commonly known as "special forces".
Financial crisis of 2007–2008 The financial crisis of 2008, or Global Financial Crisis, was a severe worldwide economic crisis that occurred in the early 21st century. It was the most serious financial crisis since the Great Depression (1929).
1997 Asian financial crisis The Asian financial crisis was a period of financial crisis that gripped much of East Asia and Southeast Asia beginning in July 1997 and raised fears of a worldwide economic meltdown due to financial contagion. However, the recovery in 1998–1999 was rapid and worries of a meltdown subsided.
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.
Tanfoglio Fratelli Tanfoglio S.N.C. is an Italian firearms manufacturing company. Their current weapons are used extensively in sport competitions and for personal defence.
Exoatmospheric Kill Vehicle The Exoatmospheric Kill Vehicle (EKV) is the Raytheon-manufactured interceptor component with subcontractor Aerojet of the U.S. Ground-Based Midcourse Defense (GMD), part of the larger National Missile Defense system.\nThe EKV is boosted to an intercept trajectory by a boost vehicle (missile), where it separates from the boost vehicle and autonomously collides with an incoming warhead.
Military government A military government is generally any government that is administered by military forces, whether or not this government is legal under the laws of the jurisdiction at issue, and whether this government is formed by natives or by an occupying power. It is usually carried out by military workers.
Government contract proposal A government contract proposal, often called a government proposal in business, is a response to written requirements issued by a government entity that wants to buy something. All areas of government (national, state/provincial, and local) use written requirements to buy products or services to make purchasing fair and reduce costs.
Federal Acquisition Regulation The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) is the principal set of rules regarding Government procurement in the United States, and is codified at Chapter 1 of Title 48 of the Code of Federal Regulations, 48 CFR 1. It covers many of the contracts issued by the US military and NASA, as well as US civilian federal agencies.
Financial statement Financial statements (or financial reports) are formal records of the financial activities and position of a business, person, or other entity.\nRelevant financial information is presented in a structured manner and in a form which is easy to understand.
Financial analysis Financial analysis (also referred to as financial statement analysis or accounting analysis or Analysis of finance) refers to an assessment of the viability, stability, and profitability of a business, sub-business or project. \nIt is performed by professionals who prepare reports using ratios and other techniques, that make use of information taken from financial statements and other reports.
Smart contract A smart contract is a computer program or a transaction protocol which is intended to automatically execute, control or document legally relevant events and actions according to the terms of a contract or an agreement. The objectives of smart contracts are the reduction of need in trusted intermediators, arbitrations and enforcement costs, fraud losses, as well as the reduction of malicious and accidental exceptions.Vending machines are mentioned as the oldest piece of technology equivalent to smart contract implementation.
Regulation Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context.
Formula One regulations The numerous Formula One regulations, made and enforced by the FIA and later the FISA, have changed dramatically since the first Formula One World Championship in 1950. This article covers the current state of F1 technical and sporting regulations, as well as the history of the technical regulations since 1950.
Radio regulation Radio regulation refers to the regulation and licensing of radio in international law, by individual governments, and by municipalities.\n\n\n== International regulation ==\nThe International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that is responsible for issues that concern information and communication technologies.
Vehicle emission standard Emission standards are the legal requirements governing air pollutants released into the atmosphere. Emission standards set quantitative limits on the permissible amount of specific air pollutants that may be released from specific sources over specific timeframes.
New York Codes, Rules and Regulations The New York Codes, Rules and Regulations (NYCRR) contains New York state rules and regulations. The NYCRR is officially compiled by the New York State Department of State's Division of Administrative Rules.
Indian termination policy Indian termination is a phrase describing United States policies relating to Native Americans from the mid-1940s to the mid-1960s. It was shaped by a series of laws and practices with the intent of assimilating Native Americans into mainstream American society.
Network termination A network termination (NT) (also NTE for network termination equipment) is a device that connects the customer's data or telephone equipment to a carrier's line that comes into a building or an office. The NT device provides a connection for terminal equipment (TE) and terminal adapter (TA) equipment to the local loop.
Customer Profitability Analysis Customer Profitability Analysis (in short CPA) is a management accounting and a credit underwriting method, allowing businesses and lenders to determine the profitability of each customer or segments of customers, by attributing profits and costs to each customer separately. CPA can be applied at the individual customer level (more time consuming, but providing a better understanding of business situation) or at the level of customer aggregates / groups (e.g.
Customer profitability Customer profitability (CP) is the profit the firm makes from serving a customer or customer group over a specified period of time, specifically the difference between the revenues earned from and the costs associated with the customer relationship in a specified period. According to Philip Kotler,"a profitable customer is a person, household or a company that overtime, yields a revenue stream that exceeds by an acceptable amount the company's cost stream of attracting, selling and servicing the customer."\nCalculating customer profit is an important step in understanding which customer relationships are better than others.
SAP ERP SAP ERP is an enterprise resource planning software developed by the German company SAP SE. SAP ERP incorporates the key business functions of an organization. The latest version of SAP ERP (V.6.0) was made available in 2006.
Return on equity The return on equity (ROE) is a measure of the profitability of a business in relation to the equity. Because shareholder's equity can be calculated by taking all assets and subtracting all liabilities, ROE can also be thought of as a return on assets minus liabilities.
Adherence (medicine) In medicine, patient compliance (also adherence, capacitance) describes the degree to which a patient correctly follows medical advice. Most commonly, it refers to medication or drug compliance, but it can also apply to other situations such as medical device use, self care, self-directed exercises, or therapy sessions.
Chemical substance A chemical substance is a form of matter having constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Some references add that chemical substance cannot be separated into its constituent elements by physical separation methods, i.e., without breaking chemical bonds.
Obligation An obligation is a course of action that someone is required to take, whether legal or moral. Obligations are constraints; they limit freedom.
Collateralized debt obligation A collateralized debt obligation (CDO) is a type of structured asset-backed security (ABS). Originally developed as instruments for the corporate debt markets, after 2002 CDOs became vehicles for refinancing mortgage-backed securities (MBS).
Law of obligations The law of obligations is one branch of private law under the civil law legal system and so-called "mixed" legal systems. It is the body of rules that organizes and regulates the rights and duties arising between individuals.
Positive obligations Positive obligations in human rights law denote a State's obligation to engage in an activity to secure the effective enjoyment of a fundamental right, as opposed to the classical negative obligation to merely abstain from human rights violations.\nClassical human rights, such as the right to life or freedom of expression, are formulated or understood as prohibitions for the State to act in a way that would violate these rights.
Federal Aviation Act of 1958 The Federal Aviation Act of 1958 was an act of the United States Congress, signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, that created the Federal Aviation Agency (later the Federal Aviation Administration or the FAA) and abolished its predecessor, the Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA). The act empowered the FAA to oversee and regulate safety in the airline industry and the use of American airspace by both military aircraft and civilian aircraft.
2016 in aviation This is a list of aviation-related events from 2016.\n\n\n== Events ==\n\n\n=== January ===\nThe Government of Italy permitted United States unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs or drones) to fly strike missions from Naval Air Station Sigonella in Sicily where the US has operated unarmed surveillance UAVs since 2001 against Islamic State targets in Libya, but only if they are "defensive," protecting U.S. forces or rescuers retrieving downed pilots.
Management accounting In management accounting or managerial accounting, managers use accounting information in decision-making and to assist in the management and performance of their control functions.\n\n\n== Definition ==\n\nOne simple definition of management accounting is the provision of financial and non-financial decision-making information to managers.
Cost of revenue Cost of revenue is the total of all costs incurred directly in producing, marketing, and distributing the products and services of a company to customers.\nCost of revenue can be found in the company income statement.
Risk Factors
CPI AEROSTRUCTURES INC Item 1A RISK FACTORS You should consider the following risks carefully in evaluating us and our business before making an investment decision
The risks described below are not the only risks we face
Additional risks may also impair our business operations
If any of the following risks occur, our business, results of operations or financial condition could be materially adversely affected
If that happens, the trading price of our common shares could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment
Risks related to our business We depend on government contracts for most of our revenues
We are a supplier, either directly or as a subcontractor, to the US government and its agencies, principally the US Air Force
96prca of revenue for 2005, 99prca of revenue for 2004 and 98prca of our revenue for 2003 were derived from government contract sales
Two of our contracts, for the T-38 ‘‘Talon’’ and the C-5, accounted for 46prca and 25prca of our revenue for 2005, respectively
We depend on these government contracts for most of our business
If we are suspended or barred from contracting with the US government, if our reputation or relationship with individual federal agencies were impaired, or if the government otherwise ceased doing business with us or significantly decreased the amount of business it does with us, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results would be materially adversely affected
We face risks relating to government contracts
There are inherent risks in contracting with the US government, including risks that are peculiar to the defense industry, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results
All contracts with the US government contain provisions and are subject to laws and regulations that give the government rights and remedies not typically found in commercial contracts, including rights that allow the government to: [spacer
gif] • terminate contracts for convenience in whole or in part at any time; [spacer
gif] • reduce or modify contracts or subcontracts if its requirements or budgetary constraints change; [spacer
gif] • cancel multi-year contracts and related orders if funds for contract performance for any subsequent year become unavailable; [spacer
gif] • adjust contract costs and fees on the basis of audits completed by its agencies; [spacer
gif] • suspend or bar us from doing business with US government; and [spacer
If the US government terminates a contract for convenience, we may recover only our incurred or committed costs, settlement expenses and profit on work completed prior to the termination
If the government terminates a contract for default, we may not recover even those amounts, and instead may be liable for excess costs incurred by the government in procuring undelivered items and services from another source
We have risks associated with competing in the bidding process for US government contracts
We obtain many of our US government contracts through a competitive bidding process
gif] • We must bid on programs in advance of their completion, which may result in unforeseen technological difficulties or cost overruns; [spacer
gif] • We must devote substantial time and effort to prepare bids and proposals for competitively awarded contracts that may not be awarded to us; and 7 _________________________________________________________________ [spacer
gif] • Awarded contracts may not generate sales sufficient to result in profitability
We are subject to strict governmental regulations relating to the environment, which could result in fines and remediation expense in the event of non-compliance
We are required to comply with extensive and frequently changing environmental regulations at the federal, state and local levels
Among other things, these regulatory bodies impose restrictions to control air, soil and water pollution, to protect against occupational exposure to chemicals, including health and safety risks, and to require notification or reporting of the storage, use and release of certain hazardous substances into the environment
This extensive regulatory framework imposes significant compliance burdens and risks on us
In addition, these regulations may impose liability for the cost of removal or remediation of certain hazardous substances released on or in our facilities without regard to whether we knew of, or caused, the release of such substances
Furthermore, we are required to provide a place of employment that is free from recognized and preventable hazards that are likely to cause serious physical harm to employees, provide notice to employees regarding the presence of hazardous chemicals and to train employees in the use of such substances
Our operations require the use of a limited amount of chemicals and other materials for painting and cleaning that are classified under applicable laws as hazardous chemicals and substances
If we are found not to be in compliance with any of these rules, regulations or permits, we may be subject to fines, remediation expenses and the obligation to change our business practice, any of which could result in substantial costs that would adversely impact our business operations and financial condition
We may be subject to fines and disqualification for non-compliance with Federal Aviation Administration regulations
We are subject to regulation by the Federal Aviation Administration under the provisions of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended
The FAA prescribes standards and licensing requirements for aircraft and aircraft components
We are subject to inspections by the FAA and may be subjected to fines and other penalties (including orders to cease production) for noncompliance with FAA regulations
Our failure to comply with applicable regulations could result in the termination of or our disqualification from some of our contracts, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations
If our subcontractors or suppliers fail to perform their contractual obligations, our prime contract performance and our ability to obtain future business could be materially and adversely impacted
Many of our contracts involve subcontracts with other companies upon which we rely to perform a portion of the services that we must provide to our customers
There is a risk that we may have disputes with our subcontractors, including disputes regarding the quality and timeliness of work performed by the subcontractor, customer concerns about the subcontract, our failure to extend existing task orders or issue new task orders under a subcontract, or our hiring of personnel of a subcontractor
A failure by one or more of our subcontractors to satisfactorily provide on a timely basis the agreed-upon supplies or perform the agreed-upon services may materially and adversely impact our ability to perform our obligations as the prime contractor
Subcontractor performance deficiencies could result in a customer eliminating our ability to progress bill or terminating our contract for default
A prohibition on progress billing may have an adverse effect upon our profitability and a default termination could expose us to liability and have a material adverse effect on our ability to compete for future contracts and orders
In addition, a delay in our ability to obtain components and equipment parts from our suppliers may affect our ability to meet our customers’ needs and may have an adverse effect upon our profitability
We utilize the percentage of completion method of accounting which involves considerable use of estimates in determining revenues, costs and profits and in assigning amounts to accounting periods
We recognize revenue from our contracts over the contractual period under the percentage-of-completion (POC) method of accounting
Under the POC method of accounting, sales and gross profit are recognized as work is performed based on the relationship between actual costs 8 _________________________________________________________________ incurred and total estimated costs at the completion of the contract
Recognized revenues that will not be billed under the terms of the contract until a later date are recorded as an asset captioned ‘‘Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts
’’ Contracts where billings to date have exceeded recognized revenues are recorded as a liability captioned ‘‘Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts
Estimates are reviewed monthly and the effect of any change in the estimated gross margin percentage for a contract is reflected in cost of sales in the period the change becomes known
The use of the POC method of accounting involves considerable use of estimates in determining revenues, costs and profits and in assigning the amounts to accounting periods
As a result, there can be a significant disparity between earnings (both for accounting and taxes) as reported and actual cash received by us during any reporting period
We continually evaluate all of the issues related to the assumptions, risks and uncertainties inherent with the application of the POC method of accounting; however, we cannot assure you that our estimates will be accurate
If our estimates are not accurate or a contract is terminated, we will be forced to adjust revenue in later periods
Furthermore, even if our estimates are accurate, we may have a shortfall in our cash flow and we may need to borrow money to pay taxes until the reported earnings materialize to actual cash receipts
If the contracts associated with our backlog were terminated, our financial condition would be adversely affected
The maximum contract value specified under each government contract that we enter into is not necessarily indicative of the revenues that we will realize under that contract
Because we may not receive the full amount we expect under a contract, we may not accurately estimate our backlog because the actual accrual of revenues on programs included in backlog may never occur or may change
Cancellations of pending contracts or terminations or reductions of contracts in progress could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations
As of December 31, 2005, our backlog was dlra50dtta5 million, of which 44prca was funded and 56prca was unfunded
We may be unable to retain personnel who are key to our operations
Our success, among other things, is dependent on our ability to attract and retain highly qualified senior officers and engineers
Competition for key personnel is intense
Our ability to attract and retain senior officers and experienced, top rate engineers is dependent on a number of factors, including prevailing market conditions and compensation packages offered by companies competing for the same talent
The inability to hire and retain these persons may adversely affect our production operations and other aspects of our business