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Wiki Wiki Summary
Requirement In product development and process optimization, a requirement is a singular documented physical or functional need that a particular design, product or process aims to satisfy. It is commonly used in a formal sense in engineering design, including for example in systems engineering, software engineering, or enterprise engineering.
Non-functional requirement In systems engineering and requirements engineering, a non-functional requirement (NFR) is a requirement that specifies criteria that can be used to judge the operation of a system, rather than specific behaviours. They are contrasted with functional requirements that define specific behavior or functions.
Visa requirements for United States citizens As of 25 February 2022, Holders of a United States passport could travel to 186 countries and territories without a travel visa, or with a visa on arrival. The United States passport currently ranks 6th in terms of travel freedom (tied with the passports of Czech Republic, Greece, Malta, Norway, and the UK) according to the Henley Passport Index.
Requirements engineering Requirements engineering (RE) is the process of defining, documenting, and maintaining requirements in the engineering design process. It is a common role in systems engineering and software engineering.
Age of candidacy Age of candidacy is the minimum age at which a person can legally hold certain elected government offices. In many cases, it also determines the age at which a person may be eligible to stand for an election or be granted ballot access.
System requirements specification A System Requirements Specification (SyRS) (abbreviated SysRS when need to be distinct from a software requirements specification (SRS)) is a structured collection of information that embodies the requirements of a system.A business analyst (BA), sometimes titled system analyst, is responsible for analyzing the business needs of their clients and stakeholders to help identify business problems and propose solutions. Within the systems development life cycle domain, the BA typically performs a liaison function between the business side of an enterprise and the information technology department or external service providers.
Visa requirements for British citizens Visa requirements for British citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of the United Kingdom. As of 30 April 2022, British citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 187 countries and territories, ranking their passport 5th in terms of travel freedom (tied with France, Ireland and Portugal) according to the Henley Passport Index.
Foreign direct investment A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control.
Board of directors A board of directors (commonly referred simply as the board) is an executive committee that jointly supervises the activities of an organization, which can be either a for-profit or a nonprofit organization such as a business, nonprofit organization, or a government agency. \nThe powers, duties, and responsibilities of a board of directors are determined by government regulations (including the jurisdiction's corporate law) and the organization's own constitution and by-laws.
Profitability index Profitability index (PI), also known as profit investment ratio (PIR) and value investment ratio (VIR), is the ratio of payoff to investment of a proposed project. It is a useful tool for ranking projects because it allows you to quantify the amount of value created per unit of investment.
Customer Profitability Analysis Customer Profitability Analysis (in short CPA) is a management accounting and a credit underwriting method, allowing businesses and lenders to determine the profitability of each customer or segments of customers, by attributing profits and costs to each customer separately. CPA can be applied at the individual customer level (more time consuming, but providing a better understanding of business situation) or at the level of customer aggregates / groups (e.g.
Small Is Profitable Small Is Profitable: The Hidden Economic Benefits of Making Electrical Resources the Right Size is a 2002 book by energy analyst Amory Lovins and others. The book describes 207 ways in which the size of "electrical resources"—devices that make, save, or store electricity—affects their economic value.
Profitable growth Profitable Growth is the combination of profitability and growth, more precisely the combination of Economic Profitability and Growth of Free cash flows. Profitable growth is aimed at seducing the financial community; it emerged in the early 80s when shareholder value creation became firms’ main objective.
Customer profitability Customer Profitability Analysis (in short CPA) is a management accounting and a credit underwriting method, allowing businesses and lenders to determine the profitability of each customer or segments of customers, by attributing profits and costs to each customer separately. CPA can be applied at the individual customer level (more time consuming, but providing a better understanding of business situation) or at the level of customer aggregates / groups (e.g.
SAP ERP SAP ERP is an enterprise resource planning software developed by the German company SAP SE. SAP ERP incorporates the key business functions of an organization. The latest version of SAP ERP (V.6.0) was made available in 2006.
Arithmetic Arithmetic (from Ancient Greek ἀριθμός (arithmós) 'number', and τική [τέχνη] (tikḗ [tékhnē]) 'art, craft') is an elementary part of mathematics that consists of the study of the properties of the traditional operations on numbers—addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and extraction of roots. In the 19th century, Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano formalized arithmetic with his Peano axioms, which are highly important to the field of mathematical logic today.
Bitwise operation In computer programming, a bitwise operation operates on a bit string, a bit array or a binary numeral (considered as a bit string) at the level of its individual bits. It is a fast and simple action, basic to the higher-level arithmetic operations and directly supported by the processor.
Special operations Special operations (S.O.) are military activities conducted, according to NATO, by "specially designated, organized, selected, trained, and equipped forces using unconventional techniques and modes of employment". Special operations may include reconnaissance, unconventional warfare, and counter-terrorism actions, and are typically conducted by small groups of highly-trained personnel, emphasizing sufficiency, stealth, speed, and tactical coordination, commonly known as "special forces".
Operations research Operations research (British English: operational research), often shortened to the initialism OR, is a discipline that deals with the development and application of advanced analytical methods to improve decision-making. It is sometimes considered to be a subfield of mathematical sciences.
Operation (mathematics) In mathematics, an operation is a function which takes zero or more input values (called operands) to a well-defined output value. The number of operands (also known as arguments) is the arity of the operation.
Competitors for the Crown of Scotland When the crown of Scotland became vacant in September 1290 on the death of the seven-year-old child Queen Margaret, 13 claimants to the throne came forward. Those with the most credible claims were John Balliol, Robert Bruce, John Hastings and Floris V, Count of Holland.
Vietnamobile Vietnamobile is a Vietnamese mobile network operator. It is a joint-venture of Hanoi Telecom and Hutchison Asia Telecom Group and the fourth largest provider as of 2012.
Institution Institutions are humanly devised structures of rules and norms that shape and constrain individual behavior. All definitions of institutions generally entail that there is a level of persistence and continuity.
Educational institution An educational institution is a place where people of different ages gain an education, including preschools, childcare, primary-elementary schools, secondary-high schools, and universities. They provide a large variety of learning environments and learning spaces.
Smithsonian Institution The Smithsonian Institution ( smith-SOH-nee-ən), or simply the Smithsonian, is a group of museums and education and research centers, the largest such complex in the world, created by the U.S. Government "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge". Founded on August 10, 1846, it operates as a trust instrumentality and is not formally a part of any of the three branches of the federal government.
Cultural institution A cultural institution or cultural organization is an organization within a culture/subculture that works for the preservation or promotion of culture. The term is especially used of public and charitable organizations, but its range of meaning can be very broad.
Disciplinary institution Disciplinary institutions (French: institution disciplinaire) is a concept proposed by Michel Foucault in Discipline and Punish (1975). School, prison, barracks, or the hospital are examples of historical disciplinary institutions, all created in their modern form in the 19th century with the Industrial Revolution.
International financial institutions An international financial institution (IFI) is a financial institution that has been established (or chartered) by more than one country, and hence is subject to international law. Its owners or shareholders are generally national governments, although other international institutions and other organizations occasionally figure as shareholders.
Depository institution Colloquially, a depository institution is a financial institution in the United States (such as a savings bank, commercial bank, savings and loan associations, or credit unions) that is legally allowed to accept monetary deposits from consumers. Under federal law, however, a "depository institution" is limited to banks and savings associations - credit unions are not included.An example of a non-depository institution might be a mortgage bank.
Common stock Common stock is a form of corporate equity ownership, a type of security. The terms voting share and ordinary share are also used frequently outside of the United States.
Matthiola incana Matthiola incana is a species of flowering plant in the cabbage family Brassicaceae. Common names include Brompton stock, common stock, hoary stock, ten-week stock, and gilly-flower.
Consolidation (business) In business, consolidation or amalgamation is the merger and acquisition of many smaller companies into a few much larger ones. In the context of financial accounting, consolidation refers to the aggregation of financial statements of a group company as consolidated financial statements.
Chief executive officer A chief executive officer (CEO), chief administrator officer (CAO), central executive officer (CEO), or just chief executive (CE), is one of a number of corporate executives charged with the management of an organization – especially an independent legal entity such as a company or nonprofit institution. CEOs find roles in a range of organizations, including public and private corporations, non-profit organizations and even some government organizations (notably state-owned enterprises).
Film director A film director controls a film's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay (or script) while guiding the film crew and actors in the fulfilment of that vision. The director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design and all the creative aspects of filmmaking.The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized or noticed.
Nelson (director) Nelson Dilipkumar, credited in films as Nelson, is an Indian director and screenwriter who predominantly works in Tamil cinema. His films are known for featuring elements of Dark Humour.
Risk Factors
COMMUNITY BANKSHARES INC /SC/ Item 1A Risk Factors 12 Item 1A Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Industry We are subject to governmental regulation which could change and increase our cost of doing business or have an adverse effect on our business
We operate in a highly regulated industry and are subject to examination, supervision and comprehensive regulation by various federal and state agencies
Most of this regulation is designed to protect our depositors 12 and other customers, not our shareholders
Our compliance with the requirements of these agencies is costly and may limit our growth and restrict certain of our activities, including, payment of dividends, mergers and acquisitions, investments, loans and interest rates charged, and locations of offices
We are also subject to capitalization guidelines established by federal authorities and our failure to meet those guidelines could result in limitations being imposed on our activities or, in an extreme case, in our banks being placed in receivership
We have also recently been subjected to the extensive and expensive requirements imposed on public companies by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related regulations
The laws and regulations applicable to the banking industry could change at any time, and we cannot predict the impact of these changes on our business or profitability
Because government regulation greatly affects the business and financial results of all commercial banks and bank holding companies, our cost of compliance could adversely affect our ability to operate profitably
We are susceptible to changes in monetary policy and other economic factors which may adversely affect our ability to operate profitably
Changes in governmental, economic and monetary policies may affect the ability of our bank to attract deposits and make loans
The rates of interest payable on deposits and chargeable on loans are affected by governmental regulation and fiscal policy as well as by national, state and local economic conditions
Risks Related to Our Business We depend on the services of a number of key personnel, and a loss of any of those personnel could disrupt our operations and result in reduced revenues
The success of our business depends to a great extent on our customer relationships
Our growth and development to date have depended in large part on the efforts of our senior management team
A number of these senior officers have primary contact with our customers and are extremely important in maintaining personalized relationships with our customer base, a key aspect of our business strategy, and in increasing our market presence
The unexpected loss of services of one or more of these key employees could have a material adverse effect on our operations and possibly result in reduced revenues if we were unable to find suitable replacements promptly
We may be unable to successfully manage our sustained growth
Our future profitability will depend in part on our ability to manage growth successfully
Our ability to manage growth successfully will depend on our ability to maintain cost controls and asset quality while attracting additional loans and deposits, as well as on factors beyond our control, such as economic conditions and interest rate trends
If we grow too quickly and are not able to control costs and maintain asset quality, growth could materially adversely affect our financial performance
Our continued pace of growth or regulatory requirements may require us to raise additional capital in the future, but that capital may not be available when it is needed or be available on favorable terms
We anticipate that our current capital resources will satisfy our capital requirements for the foreseeable future
Nevertheless, we may need to raise additional capital to support additional growth or to meet regulatory requirements
Our ability to raise additional capital, if needed, will depend, 13 among other things, on conditions in the capital markets at that time, which are outside our control, and on our financial condition and performance
If we cannot raise additional capital on acceptable terms when needed, our ability to further expand our operations through internal growth and acquisitions could be limited
If our loan customers do not pay us as they have contracted to, we may experience losses
Our principal revenue producing business is making loans
Even though we maintain an allowance for loan losses, the amount of the allowance may not be adequate to cover the losses we experience
We attempt to mitigate this risk by a thorough review of the creditworthiness of loan customers
Nevertheless, there is risk that our credit evaluations will prove to be inaccurate due to changed circumstances or otherwise
We face strong competition from larger, more established competitors which may adversely affect our ability to operate profitably
We encounter strong competition from financial institutions operating in our market areas
In the conduct of our business, we also compete with credit unions, insurance companies, money market mutual funds and other financial institutions, some of which are not subject to the same degree of regulation as we are
Many of these competitors have substantially greater resources and lending abilities than we have and offer services, such as investment banking, trust and international banking services that we do not provide
We believe that we have competed, and will continue to be able to compete, effectively with these institutions because of our experienced bankers and personalized service, as well as through loan participations and other strategies and techniques
However, we cannot promise that we are correct in our belief
If we are wrong, our ability to operate profitably may be negatively affected
Technological changes affect our business, and we may have fewer resources than many of our competitors to invest in technological improvements
The financial services industry continues to undergo rapid technological changes with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services
In addition to enabling financial institutions to serve clients better, the effective use of technology may increase efficiency and may enable financial institutions to reduce costs
Our future success may depend, in part, upon our ability to use technology to provide products and services that provide convenience to customers and to create additional efficiencies in our operations
We may need to make significant additional capital investments in technology in the future, and we may not be able to effectively implement new technology-driven products and services
Many of our competitors have substantially greater resources to invest in technological improvements
Our profitability and liquidity may be affected by changes in interest rates and economic conditions
Our profitability depends upon our net interest income, which is the difference between interest earned on our interest-bearing assets, such as loans and investment securities, and interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings
Our net interest income will be adversely affected if market interest rates change such that the interest we pay on deposits and borrowings increases faster than the interest earned on loans and investments
Interest rates, and consequently our results of operations, are affected by general economic conditions (domestic and foreign) and fiscal and monetary policies
Monetary and fiscal policies may materially affect the level and direction of interest rates
Beginning in June 2004 through January 2006, 14 the Federal Reserve has raised rates fourteen times for a total increase of 3dtta50prca
Increases in interest rates generally decrease the market values of interest-bearing investments and loans held and therefore may adversely affect our liquidity and earnings
Increased interest rates also generally affect the volume of mortgage loan originations, the resale value of mortgage loans originated for resale, and the ability of borrowers to perform under existing loans of all types
Risks Related to Our Common Stock Our common stock has a limited trading market, which may limit your ability to sell your stock
Our common stock is traded on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol &quote SCB &quote
Since January 1, 2005, the average weekly trading volume has been approximately 6cmam200 shares
Accordingly, a shareholder who wishes to sell a large number of shares may experience a delay in selling the shares or have to sell them at a lower price in order to sell them promptly
We may issue additional securities, which could affect the market price of our common stock and dilute your ownership
We may issue additional securities to raise additional capital, to support growth, or to make acquisitions
Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock, or the perception by the market that those sales could occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline or could make it more difficult for us to raise capital through the sale of common stock or to use our common stock in future acquisitions
Declaration and payment of dividends are within the discretion of our board of directors
Our banks are currently our only source of funds with which to pay cash dividends
Our banks &apos declaration and payment of future dividends to us are within the discretion of the banks &apos boards of directors, and are dependent upon their earnings, financial condition, their need to retain earnings for use in the business and any other pertinent factors
The banks &apos payment of dividends is also subject to various regulatory requirements and the ability of the banks &apos regulators to forbid or limit their payment of dividends
Provisions in our articles of incorporation and South Carolina law may discourage or prevent takeover attempts, and these provisions may have the effect of reducing the market price for our stock
Our articles of incorporation include several provisions that may have the effect of discouraging or preventing hostile takeover attempts, and therefore of making the removal of incumbent management difficult
The provisions include staggered terms for our board of directors and requirements of supermajority votes to approve certain business transactions
In addition, South Carolina law contains several provisions that may make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us without the approval of our board of directors, and may make it more difficult or expensive for a third party to acquire a majority of our outstanding common stock
To the extent that these provisions are effective in discouraging or preventing takeover attempts, they may tend to reduce the market price for our stock
15 Our common stock is not insured, so you could lose your total investment
Our common stock is not a deposit, savings account or obligation of our bank and is not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency
Should our business fail you could lose your total investment