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Wiki Wiki Summary
Operation Mincemeat Operation Mincemeat was a successful British deception operation of the Second World War to disguise the 1943 Allied invasion of Sicily. Two members of British intelligence obtained the body of Glyndwr Michael, a tramp who died from eating rat poison, dressed him as an officer of the Royal Marines and placed personal items on him identifying him as the fictitious Captain (Acting Major) William Martin.
Arithmetic Arithmetic (from Ancient Greek ἀριθμός (arithmós) 'number', and τική [τέχνη] (tikḗ [tékhnē]) 'art, craft') is an elementary part of mathematics that consists of the study of the properties of the traditional operations on numbers—addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and extraction of roots. In the 19th century, Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano formalized arithmetic with his Peano axioms, which are highly important to the field of mathematical logic today.
Special Activities Center The Special Activities Center (SAC) is a division of the Central Intelligence Agency responsible for covert operations and paramilitary operations. The unit was named Special Activities Division (SAD) prior to 2015.
Operations management Operations management is an area of management concerned with designing and controlling the process of production and redesigning business operations in the production of goods or services. It involves the responsibility of ensuring that business operations are efficient in terms of using as few resources as needed and effective in meeting customer requirements.
Operations research Operations research (British English: operational research), often shortened to the initialism OR, is a discipline that deals with the development and application of advanced analytical methods to improve decision-making. It is sometimes considered to be a subfield of mathematical sciences.
Emergency operations center An emergency operations center (EOC) is a central command and control facility responsible for carrying out the principles of emergency preparedness and emergency management, or disaster management functions at a strategic level during an emergency, and ensuring the continuity of operation of a company, political subdivision or other organization.\nAn EOC is responsible for strategic direction and operational decisions and does not normally directly control field assets, instead leaving tactical decisions to lower commands.
Financial law Financial law is the law and regulation of the insurance, derivatives, commercial banking, capital markets and investment management sectors. Understanding Financial law is crucial to appreciating the creation and formation of banking and financial regulation, as well as the legal framework for finance generally.
Preferred stock Preferred stock (also called preferred shares, preference shares, or simply preferreds) is a component of share capital that may have any combination of features not possessed by common stock, including properties of both an equity and a debt instrument, and is generally considered a hybrid instrument. Preferred stocks are senior (i.e., higher ranking) to common stock but subordinate to bonds in terms of claim (or rights to their share of the assets of the company, given that such assets are payable to the returnee stock bond) and may have priority over common stock (ordinary shares) in the payment of dividends and upon liquidation.
Stock market A stock market, equity market, or share market is the aggregation of buyers and sellers of stocks (also called shares), which represent ownership claims on businesses; these may include securities listed on a public stock exchange, as well as stock that is only traded privately, such as shares of private companies which are sold to investors through equity crowdfunding platforms. Investment is usually made with an investment strategy in mind.
Language acquisition Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language (in other words, gain the ability to be aware of language and to understand it), as well as to produce and use words and sentences to communicate.\nLanguage acquisition involves structures, rules and representation.
Mergers and acquisitions In corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are transactions in which the ownership of companies, other business organizations, or their operating units are transferred or consolidated with other entities. As an aspect of strategic management, M&A can allow enterprises to grow or downsize, and change the nature of their business or competitive position.
Knowledge acquisition Knowledge acquisition is the process used to define the rules and ontologies required for a knowledge-based system. The phrase was first used in conjunction with expert systems to describe the initial tasks associated with developing an expert system, namely finding and interviewing domain experts and capturing their knowledge via rules, objects, and frame-based ontologies.
Target acquisition Target acquisition is the detection and identification of the location of a target in sufficient detail to permit the effective employment of lethal and non-lethal means. The term is used for a broad area of applications.
Language acquisition device The Language Acquisition Device (LAD) is a claim from language acquisition research proposed by Noam Chomsky in the 1960s. The LAD concept is a purported instinctive mental capacity which enables an infant to acquire and produce language.
Proposed acquisition of Twitter by Elon Musk On April 14, 2022, business magnate Elon Musk offered to purchase American social media company Twitter, Inc., for $43 billion, after previously acquiring 9.1 percent of the company's stock for $2.64 billion, becoming its largest shareholder. Twitter had then invited Musk to join their board of directors, which Musk at first accepted before subsequently declining.
Competition Competition is a rivalry where two or more parties strive for a common goal which cannot be shared: where one's gain is the other's loss (an example of which is a zero-sum game). Competition can arise between entities such as organisms, individuals, economic and social groups, etc.
Consolidation (business) In business, consolidation or amalgamation is the merger and acquisition of many smaller companies into a few much larger ones. In the context of financial accounting, consolidation refers to the aggregation of financial statements of a group company as consolidated financial statements.
Significant figures Significant figures (also known as the significant digits, precision or resolution) of a number in positional notation are digits in the number that are reliable and necessary to indicate the quantity of something.\nIf a number expressing the result of a measurement (e.g., length, pressure, volume, or mass) has more digits than the number of digits allowed by the measurement resolution, then only as many digits as allowed by the measurement resolution are reliable, and so only these can be significant figures.
Significant other The term significant other (SO) has different uses in psychology and in colloquial language. Colloquially "significant other" is used as a gender-neutral term for a person's partner in an intimate relationship without disclosing or presuming anything about marital status, relationship status, gender identity, or sexual orientation.
Bit numbering In computing, bit numbering is the convention used to identify the bit positions in a binary number.\n\n\n== Bit significance and indexing ==\n\nIn computing, the least significant bit (LSB) is the bit position in a binary integer representing the binary 1s place of the integer.
Significant form Significant form refers to an aesthetic theory developed by English art critic Clive Bell which specified a set of criteria for what qualified as a work of art.
Statistical significance In statistical hypothesis testing, a result has statistical significance when it is very unlikely to have occurred given the null hypothesis. More precisely, a study's defined significance level, denoted by \n \n \n \n α\n \n \n {\displaystyle \alpha }\n , is the probability of the study rejecting the null hypothesis, given that the null hypothesis is true; and the p-value of a result, \n \n \n \n p\n \n \n {\displaystyle p}\n , is the probability of obtaining a result at least as extreme, given that the null hypothesis is true.
The Simpsons The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series is a satirical depiction of American life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie.
Competitor analysis Competitive analysis in marketing and strategic management is an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of current and potential competitors. This analysis provides both an offensive and defensive strategic context to identify opportunities and threats.
Competitor backlinking Competitor backlinking is a search engine optimization strategy that involves analyzing the backlinks of competing websites within a vertical search. The outcome of this activity is designed to increase organic search engine rankings and to gain an understanding of the link building strategies used by business competitors.By analyzing the backlinks to competitor websites, it is possible to gain a benchmark on the number of links and the quality of links that is required for high search engine rankings.
Sport of athletics Athletics is a group of sporting events that involves competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking. The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and racewalking.
List of Dancing with the Stars (American TV series) competitors Dancing with the Stars is an American reality television show in which celebrity contestants and professional dance partners compete to be the best dancers, as determined by the show's judges and public voting. The series first broadcast in 2005, and thirty complete seasons have aired on ABC. During each season, competitors are progressively eliminated on the basis of public voting and scores received from the judges until only a few contestants remain.
List of female fitness and figure competitors This is a list of female fitness and figure competitors.\n\n\n== A ==\nJelena Abbou\n\n\n== B ==\nLauren Beckham\nAlexandra Béres\nSharon Bruneau\n\n\n== C ==\nNatalie Montgomery-Carroll\nJen Cassetty\nKim Chizevsky\nSusie Curry\n\n\n== D ==\nDebbie Dobbins\nNicole Duncan\n\n\n== E ==\nJamie Eason\nAlexis Ellis\n\n\n== F ==\nAmy Fadhli\nJaime Franklin\n\n\n== G ==\nAdela García \nConnie Garner\nElaine Goodlad\nTracey Greenwood\nOksana Grishina\n\n\n== H ==\nMallory Haldeman\nVanda Hădărean\nJen Hendershott\nSoleivi Hernandez\nApril Hunter\n\n\n== I ==\n\n\n== J ==\nTsianina Joelson\n\n\n== K ==\nAdria Montgomery-Klein\nAshley Kaltwasser\n\n\n== L ==\nLauren Lillo\nMary Elizabeth Lado\nTammie Leady\nJennifer Nicole Lee\nAmber Littlejohn\nJulie Lohre\nJenny Lynn\n\n\n== M ==\nTimea Majorová\nLinda Maxwell\nDavana Medina\nJodi Leigh Miller\nChisato Mishima\n\n\n== N ==\nKim Nielsen\n\n\n== O ==\n\n\n== P ==\nVicky Pratt\nElena Panova\nChristine Pomponio-Pate\nCathy Priest\n\n\n== Q ==\n\n\n== R ==\nMaite Richert\nCharlene Rink\nKelly Ryan\n\n\n== S ==\nErin Stern\nCarol Semple-Marzetta\nKrisztina Sereny\nTrish Stratus (Patricia Anne Stratigias)\n\n\n== T ==\nKristi Tauti\nJennifer Thomas\n\n\n== U ==\n\n\n== V ==\nLisa Marie Varon\n\n\n== W ==\nLatisha Wilder\nTorrie Wilson\nLyen Wong\nJenny Worth\nNicole Wilkins\n\n\n== Y ==\n\n\n== Z ==\nMarietta Žigalová\nMalika Zitouni\n\n\n== See also ==\nList of female bodybuilders\n\n\n== References ==\nThere has been a rise in the number of women wanting to compete as fitness models.
Round-robin tournament A round-robin tournament (or all-play-all tournament) is a competition in which each contestant meets every other participant, usually in turn. A round-robin contrasts with an elimination tournament, in which participants are eliminated after a certain number of losses.
Common stock Common stock is a form of corporate equity ownership, a type of security. The terms voting share and ordinary share are also used frequently outside of the United States.
Common stock dividend A common stock dividend is the dividend paid to common stock owners from the profits of the company. Like other dividends, the payout is in the form of either cash or stock.
Matthiola incana Matthiola incana is a species of flowering plant in the cabbage family Brassicaceae. Common names include Brompton stock, common stock, hoary stock, ten-week stock, and gilly-flower.
New York Stock Exchange The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE, nicknamed "The Big Board") is an American stock exchange in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. It is by far the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies at US$30.1 trillion as of February 2018.
Class B share In finance, a Class B share or Class C share is a designation for a share class of a common or preferred stock that typically has strengthened voting rights or other benefits compared to a Class A share that may have been created. The equity structure, or how many types of shares are offered, is determined by the corporate charter.B share can also refer to various terms relating to stock classes:\n\nB share (mainland China), a class of stock on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges\nB share (NYSE), a class of stock on the New York Stock ExchangeMost of the time, Class B shares may have lower repayment priorities in the event a company declares bankruptcy.
Convertible bond In finance, a convertible bond or convertible note or convertible debt (or a convertible debenture if it has a maturity of greater than 10 years) is a type of bond that the holder can convert into a specified number of shares of common stock in the issuing company or cash of equal value. It is a hybrid security with debt- and equity-like features.
Risk Factors
Additional risks of which we are currently unaware or believe to be immaterial may also result in events that could impair our business operations
If any of the events or circumstances described in the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations may suffer, and the trading price of our common stock could decline
11 _________________________________________________________________ Risks Related to Our Business Our operating results were adversely affected by the significant downturn in the communications equipment industry and the slowdown in the United States economy that occured generally from 2001-2003, and there can be no assurance that we will consistently maintain operating profitability in the future
Our operating results during fiscal 2001, 2002 and 2003 were significantly impacted by the substantial downturn in the telecommunications equipment industry
We incurred significant losses from continuing operations in our fiscal years 2001, 2002 and 2003
While we returned to profitability in fiscal 2004 and are currently profitable, it is not clear that we will be able to continue to achieve revenue and gross margin levels needed to sustain profitability
Further, the increase in our 2004 revenue was primarily because of our acquisition of KRONE in May 2004
During this downturn, many of our customers reduced their equipment purchases and deferred capital spending
Our customers are dependent on the level of end-user demand for communications services, and they are likely to defer significant network expansions when they do not believe there is significant demand for greater Internet, data, video and voice services
During the downturn of the telecommunications industry that occurred in our fiscal years 2001, 2002 and 2003, some of our customers experienced serious financial difficulties, including bankruptcy filings or cessation of operations
The general slowdown in the United States economy in the early part of this decade negatively impacted our business and operating results
If general economic conditions in the United States and globally do not continue to improve, and especially if they worsen, we may experience material adverse effects on our business, financial condition and results of operations
Further, when our customers announce spending initiatives that might positively impact sales of one or more of our products, it is possible these customers contemporaneously will reduce spending in a manner that would negatively impact one or more of our other products
Our gross margins vary among our product groups and have fluctuated from quarter to quarter as a result of shifts in product mix (that is, how much of each product type we sell in any particular quarter), the introduction of new products, decreases in average selling prices and our ability to reduce manufacturing and other costs
We expect such fluctuation in gross profit to continue in the future
Both KRONE and FONS historically sold certain products at margins lower than the margins at which the majority of our products sold
The integration of KRONE has negatively impacted our gross profit margins, and it is likely that the integration of FONS will do so as well
In addition, our gross margins could decrease based on the amount of new products we sell that have lower startup gross margins
We are becoming increasingly dependent on significant capital deployment initiatives driven by our customers
Increasingly our business is focused upon the sale of products serving significant customer initiatives for increased broadband capabilities deep into their networks
Examples of products serving these initiatives include our FTTX products, wireless coverage solutions and products used in enterprise networks
These products generally are utilized outside the central offices, where we traditionally sold most of our products, of our customer and often are deployed in connection with the construction of specific network projects
To date, our experience has been that the deployment of capital for such network projects is driven by our customers’ priorities and the needs of specific projects
For this reason, the demand for our products can fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter
In addition, the competition to sell our products can be very intense as the projects often utilize new products that are not incumbent to networks
The continued sale of these products by us will also be contingent upon the continued build-out by our customers of networks that utilize these products and the acceptance of our products into such networks
We cannot assure that these deployments will continue or that our products will be selected for these deployments on a consistent basis
12 _________________________________________________________________ Consolidation among our customers could result in our losing a customer or experiencing a slowdown as integration takes place
We believe there likely will be continued consolidation among our customers in order for them to increase market share, diversify product portfolios and achieve greater economies of scale
Consolidation may impact our business as our customers focus on integrating their operations
We believe that in certain instances customers engaged in integrating large-scale acquisitions may scale back their purchases of network equipment while the integration is ongoing
Further, once consolidation occurs, our customers may choose to pare down the number of vendors they use to source their equipment, although we have not yet seen this impact
After a consolidation occurs, there can be no assurance that we will continue to supply equipment to the surviving communications service provider
The impact of significant mergers on our business is likely to be unclear until sometime after such transactions have closed
Our sales could be negatively impacted if one or more of our key customers substantially reduces orders for our products
Our customer base is relatively concentrated, with our top ten customers accounting for 42dtta7prca, 46dtta9prca, and 56dtta7prca of net sales for fiscal years 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively
While our acquisition of KRONE diversified our customer base, our recent acquisitions of FONS may have the effect of mitigating some of this diversification
If we lose a significant customer for any reason, including consolidation among our customer base, our sales and gross margins would be negatively impacted
Further, in the product areas where we believe the potential for revenue growth is most pronounced (eg, FTTX initiatives and wireless products), our sales remain highly concentrated with the major telephone companies
The loss of sales due to a decrease in orders from a key customer could require us to record additional impairment and restructuring charges or exit a particular business or product line
In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, we may experience a change in the sales of our products and services
We sell our products and services to customers operating in some of the areas hardest hit by Hurricane Katrina
Communications networks have been impacted adversely, along with other infrastructure in this area
Although we are not certain about the effect that Hurricane Katrina may have on sales of our products and services, it is possible that we will experience slower sales in the near term while affected customers work to stabilize their networks and normalize operations
Moving forward, there may also be a temporary upturn in our sales as our customers work to replace damaged or destroyed network elements in the areas impacted by the hurricane
Conversely, our sales could decrease as our customers divert money from other parts of their budgets to spend on rebuilding
Our market is subject to rapid technological change, and to compete effectively, we must continually introduce new products that achieve market acceptance
The communications equipment industry is characterized by rapid technological changes, evolving industry standards, changing market conditions and frequent new product and service introductions and enhancements by our competitors
The introduction of products using new technologies or the adoption of new industry standards can make our existing products or products under development obsolete or unmarketable
For example, it is possible that FTTX initiatives may negatively impact sales of non-fiber products
In order to grow and remain competitive, we will need to adapt to these rapidly changing technologies, to enhance our existing solutions and to introduce new solutions to address our customers’ changing demands
We may not accurately predict technological trends or the success of new products in the communications equipment market
New product development often requires long-term forecasting of market trends, development and implementation of new technologies and processes and a substantial capital commitment
In addition, we do not know whether our products and services will meet with market acceptance or be profitable
Many of our competitors have greater engineering and product development 13 _________________________________________________________________ resources than we do
Although we expect to continue to invest substantial resources in product development activities, our efforts to achieve and maintain profitability will require us to be more selective and focused with our research and development expenditures
If we fail to anticipate or respond in a cost-effective and timely manner to technological developments, changes in industry standards or customer requirements, or if we have any significant delays in product development or introduction, our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially adversely affected
Strategic changes to our product portfolio may not yield the benefits that we expect
In connection with the downturn in the communications industry, we divested or ceased operating numerous product lines and businesses that either were not profitable or did not match our new strategic focus
We may make further divestitures or closures of product lines and businesses
In addition, we have recently made acquisitions that we believe are aligned with our current strategic focus
The impact of potential changes to our product portfolio and the effect of such changes on our business, operating results and financial condition are evolving and not fully known at this time
If we acquire other businesses in our areas of strategic focus, we may have difficulty assimilating these businesses and their products, services, technologies and personnel into our operations
These difficulties could disrupt our ongoing business, distract our management and workforce, increase our expenses and adversely affect our operating results and financial condition
Furthermore, we may not be able to retain key management, technical and sales personnel after an acquisition
In addition to these integration risks, if we acquire new businesses, we may not realize all of the anticipated benefits of these acquisitions
Divestitures or elimination of existing businesses or product lines could also have disruptive effects and may cause us to incur material expenses
If we are unable to garner customer support for our combined portfolio following the FONS acquisition, we may not be able to realize the gains we anticipated
Both ADC and FONS rely heavily on the business generated from one customer for a large percentage of sales in the FTTX space
If this particular customer decreases the amount of products it purchases, or seeks out additional suppliers for products rather than allowing us to consolidate the combined revenue share of both ADC and FONS, the efficiencies that we projected with this acquisition may not materialize
If we seek to secure additional financing, we may not be able to obtain it
Also, if we are able to secure additional financing, our shareowners may experience dilution of their ownership interest or we may be subject to limitations on our operations
We currently anticipate that our available cash resources, which include existing cash, cash equivalents and available-for sale securities, will be sufficient to meet our anticipated needs for working capital and capital expenditures to execute our near-term business plan, based on current business operations and economic conditions
If our estimates are incorrect and we are unable to generate sufficient cash flows from operations, we may need to raise additional funds
In addition, if one or more of our strategic acquisition opportunities exceeds our existing resources, we may be required to seek additional capital
We do not currently have any significant available lines of credit or other significant credit facilities, and we are not certain that we can obtain commercial bank financing on acceptable terms
If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or equity-related securities, our shareowners may experience dilution of their ownership interests and the newly issued securities may have rights superior to those of common stock
See “Risks Related to our Common Stock” below
If we raise additional funds by issuing debt, we may be subject to restrictive covenants that could limit our operating flexibility and interest payments could dilute earnings per share
14 _________________________________________________________________ Our industry is highly competitive and subject to significant downward pricing pressure for our products
Competition in the communications equipment and related services industry is intense
We believe our success in competing with other manufacturers of communications equipment products and related services will depend primarily on our engineering, manufacturing and marketing skills, the price, quality and reliability of our products, our delivery and service capabilities and our control of operating expenses
We have experienced and anticipate greater pricing pressures from current and future competitors as well as our customers
Our industry is currently characterized by many vendors pursuing relatively few and very large customers, which provides our customers with the ability to exert significant pressure on their suppliers, both in terms of pricing and contractual terms
Many of our competitors have more extensive engineering, manufacturing, marketing, financial and personnel resources than we do
As a result, other competitors may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies or changes in customer requirements, or offer more aggressive price reductions
Possible consolidation among our competitors could result in a loss of sales
This could result in our competitors becoming financially stronger and obtaining broader product portfolios
It is possible that such consolidation could lead to a loss of sales for us as our competitors increase their resources through consolidation
Our operating results fluctuate significantly, and if we miss quarterly financial expectations, our stock price could decline
Our operating results are difficult to predict and may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter
It is likely that our operating results in some periods will be below investor expectations
If this happens, the market price of our common stock is likely to decline
Fluctuations in our future quarterly earnings may be caused by many factors, including without limitation: • the volume and timing of orders from and shipments to our customers; • work stoppages and other developments affecting the operations of our customers; • the timing of and our ability to obtain new customer contracts and sales recognition; • the timing of new product and service announcements; • the availability of products and services; • the overall level of capital expenditures by our customers; • market acceptance of new and enhanced versions of our products and services; • variations in the mix of products and services we sell; • the location and utilization of our production capacity and employees; and • the availability and cost of key components
Our expense levels are based in part on expectations of future revenues
If revenue levels in a particular period are lower than expected, our operating results will be affected adversely
In addition, prior to fiscal 2001 and during fiscal 2004, our operating results were subject to seasonal factors
We historically had stronger demand for our products and services in our fourth fiscal quarter ending October 31
Conversely, we typically experienced weaker demand for our products and services in the first fiscal quarter, primarily as a result of the number of holidays in late November, December and early January, the development of annual capital budgets by our customers, as well as a general industry slowdown, during that period
In our fourth fiscal quarter of 2005, we did not experience this historical pattern of seasonality, primarily because of less predictable spending patterns for our FTTX and wireless products
15 _________________________________________________________________ The regulatory environment in which our customers operate is changing
Although our business is not subject to a significant amount of direct regulation, the communications service industry in which our customers operate is subject to significant and evolving federal and state regulation in the United States as well as regulation in other countries
The United States Telecommunications Act of 1996 (the “Act”) lifted certain restrictions on the ability of companies, including the major telephone companies and other ADC customers, to compete with one another
The Act also made other significant changes in the regulation of the telecommunications industry
These changes generally increased our opportunities to provide solutions for our customers’ Internet, data, video and voice needs
The established telecommunications providers have stated that some of these changes have diminished the profitability of additional investments made by them in their networks, which reduces their demand for our products
Recently, however, the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) ended the practice of forced “line-sharing”, which means that major telephone companies are no longer legally mandated to lease space to DSL resellers
This ruling also included language allowing major telephone companies to maintain sole ownership of newly built networks that include fiber deployment (ie, FTTX)
While it is anticipated that this ruling will benefit us, there can be no assurance that it will have any impact on sales of our products
Additional regulatory changes affecting the communications industry are anticipated both in the United States and internationally
A European Union directive on waste electrical and electronic equipment (“WEEE”) and the restriction of hazardous substances (“RoHS”) in such equipment is in the process of being implemented in member states
The directive sets a framework for producers’ obligations in relation to manufacturing (including the amounts of named hazardous substances contained in products sold), labeling, and treatment, recovery and recycling of electronic products in the European Union
We have established policies and procedures to comply with these directives as they are implemented in various member states
Detailed regulations on practices and procedures related to WEEE and RoHS are evolving in member states
These changes could affect our customers and alter demand for our products
Recently announced or future changes could also come under legal challenge and be altered, thereby reversing the effect of such regulations or changes and the impact we expected
In addition, competition in our markets could intensify as the result of changes to existing or new regulations
Accordingly, changes in the regulatory environment could adversely affect our business and results of operations
Customer payment defaults could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations
As a result of adverse conditions in the communications market, some of our customers have experienced and may continue to experience serious financial difficulties
In some cases these difficulties have resulted or may result in bankruptcy filings or cessation of operations
If customers experiencing financial problems default on paying amounts owed to us, we may not be able to collect these amounts or recognize expected revenue
It is possible those customers from whom we expect to derive substantial revenue will default or that the level of defaults will increase
Any material payment defaults by our customers would have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition
Some of our competitors engage in financing transactions with some of their customers for the purchase of equipment
To remain competitive, it may become necessary for us to offer similar financing arrangements
If such financings occur, it would be our intent to sell all or a portion of these commitments and outstanding receivables to third parties
In the past, we have sold some receivables with recourse and have had to compensate the purchaser for the related losses
Conditions in global markets could affect our operations
Our sales outside the United States accounted for approximately 45dtta4prca, 39dtta5prca, and 24dtta8prca of our net sales in fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively
We expect non-US sales to remain a significant percentage of net sales in the future
In addition to sales and distribution in numerous countries, we own or lease operations located in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Philippines, Puerto Rico, 16 _________________________________________________________________ Russia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, Thailand, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, the United States, Venezuela and Vietnam
Due to our non-US sales and our non-US operations, we are subject to the risks of conducting business globally
These risks include, without limitation: • local economic and market conditions; • political and economic instability; • unexpected changes in or impositions of legislative or regulatory requirements; • fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; • tariffs and other barriers and restrictions; • longer payment cycles; • difficulties in enforcing intellectual property and contract rights; • greater difficulty in accounts receivable collection; • potentially adverse taxes; and • the burdens of complying with a variety of non-US laws and telecommunications standards
We also are subject to general geopolitical and environmental risks, such as terrorism, political and economic instability, changes in the costs of key resources such as oil, changes in diplomatic or trade relationships and natural disasters
Economic conditions in many of the non-US markets in which we do business represent significant risks to us
We cannot predict whether our sales and business operations in these markets will be affected adversely by these conditions
Instability in non-US markets, which we believe is most likely to occur in the Middle East, Asia and Latin America, could have a negative impact on our business, financial condition and operating results
The wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and other turmoil in the Middle East and the global war on terror also may have negative effects on the operating results of some of our businesses
In addition to the effect of global economic instability on non-US sales, sales to United States customers having significant non-US operations could be impacted negatively by these conditions
Our intellectual property rights may not be adequate to protect our business
Our future success depends in part upon our proprietary technology
Although we attempt to protect our proprietary technology through patents, trademarks, copyrights and trade secrets, these protections are limited
Accordingly, we cannot predict whether such protection will be adequate, or whether our competitors can develop similar technology independently without violating our proprietary rights
In addition, rights that may be granted under any patent application in the future may not provide competitive advantages to us
Intellectual property protection in foreign jurisdictions may be limited or unavailable
In addition, many of our competitors have substantially larger portfolios of patents and other intellectual property rights than us
As the competition in the communications equipment industry intensifies and the functionality of the products further overlaps, we believe that companies are becoming increasingly subject to infringement claims
We have received and may continue to receive notices from third parties, including some of our competitors, claiming that we are infringing third-party patents or other proprietary rights
We have also asserted certain of our patents against third parties
We cannot predict whether we will prevail in any litigation over third-party claims, or whether we will be able to license any valid and infringed patents on commercially reasonable terms
It is possible that unfavorable resolution of such litigation could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition
Any of these claims, whether with or without merit, could result in costly litigation, divert our management’s time, attention and resources, delay our product shipments or require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements, which 17 _________________________________________________________________ could be expensive
A third party may not be willing to enter into a royalty or licensing agreement on acceptable terms, if at all
If a claim of product infringement against us is successful and we fail to obtain a license or develop or license non-infringing technology, our business, financial condition and operating results could be affected adversely
We are dependent upon key personnel
Like all technology companies, our success is dependent on the efforts and abilities of our employees
Our ability to attract, retain and motivate skilled employees is critical to our success
In addition, because we may acquire one or more businesses in the future, our success will depend, in part, upon our ability to retain and integrate our own personnel with personnel from acquired entities who are necessary to the continued success or the successful integration of the acquired businesses
Our recent initiatives to focus our business on core operations and products by restructuring and streamlining operations, including substantial reductions in our workforce, have created uncertainty on the part of our remaining employees regarding future employment with us
This uncertainty, together with our recent past history of operating losses and general industry uncertainty, may have an adverse effect on our ability to retain and attract key personnel
Internal Controls
Although we have now completed the documentation and testing of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for fiscal 2005, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we expect we will have to incur continuing costs, including increased accounting fees and increased staffing levels, in order to maintain compliance with that section of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Further, if we complete acquisitions in the future, our ability to integrate operations of the acquired company could impact our compliance with Section 404
In the future, if we fail to complete the Sarbanes-Oxley 404 evaluation in a timely manner, or if our independent registered public accounting firm cannot attest in a timely manner to our evaluation or to the efficacy of our internal controls, we could be subject to regulatory scrutiny and a loss of public confidence in our internal controls
In addition, any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations
Integration of Key Finance Employees
In recent weeks, we have hired many new employees in our internal finance and accounting staff
Until such personnel become familiar with our operations, our ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting could be impaired
Product defects could cause us to lose customers and revenue or to incur unexpected expenses
If our products do not meet our customers’ performance requirements, our customer relationships may suffer
Also, our products may contain defects
Any failure or poor performance of our products could result in: • delayed market acceptance of our products; • delayed product shipments; • unexpected expenses and diversion of resources to replace defective products or identify and correct the source of errors; • damage to our reputation and our customer relationships; • delayed recognition of sales or reduced sales; and • product liability claims or other claims for damages that may be caused by any product defects or performance failures
18 _________________________________________________________________ Our products are often critical to the performance of communications systems
Many of our supply agreements contain limited warranty provisions
If these contractual limitations are unenforceable in a particular jurisdiction or if we are exposed to product liability claims that are not covered by insurance, a successful claim could harm our business
We may encounter difficulties obtaining raw materials and supplies needed to make our products and the prices of these materials and supplies are subject to fluctuation
Our ability to produce our products is dependent upon the availability of certain raw materials and supplies
The availability of these raw materials and supplies is subject to market forces beyond our control
From time to time, there may not be sufficient quantities of raw materials and supplies in the marketplace to meet the customer demand for our products
In addition, the costs to obtain these raw materials and supplies are subject to price fluctuations because of global market demands
Further, some raw materials or supplies may be subject to regulatory actions, which may affect available supplies
Many companies utilize the same raw materials and supplies in the production of their products as we use in our products
Companies with more resources than our own may have a competitive advantage in obtaining raw materials and supplies due to greater purchasing power
Reduced supply and higher prices of raw materials and supplies may affect our business, operating results and financial condition adversely
We rely upon our contract manufacturing relationships
We have significant reliance on contract manufacturers to make certain of our products on our behalf
If these contract manufacturers do not fulfill their obligations to us, or if we do not properly manage these relationships, our existing customer relationships may suffer
We may outsource additional functions in the future
We may encounter litigation that has a material impact on our business
We are a party to various lawsuits, proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business or otherwise
Many of these disputes may be resolved amicably without resort to formal litigation
The amount of monetary liability resulting from the ultimate resolution of these matters cannot be determined at this time
As of October 31, 2005, we had recorded approximately dlra8dtta4 million in loss reserves for certain of these matters
In light of the reserves we have recorded, at this time we believe the ultimate resolution of these lawsuits, proceedings and claims will not have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition
Because of the uncertainty inherent in litigation, it is possible that unfavorable resolutions of these lawsuits, proceedings and claims could exceed the amount currently reserved and could have a material adverse affect on our business, results of operations or financial condition
We are subject to risks associated with changes in commodity prices, interest rates, security prices, and foreign currency exchange rates
We face market risks from changes in certain commodity prices, security prices and interest rates
Market fluctuations could affect our results of operations and financial condition adversely
At times, we reduce this risk through the use of derivative financial instruments
However, we do not enter into derivative instruments for the purpose of speculation
Also, we are exposed to market risks from changes in foreign currency exchange rates
From time to time, we hedge our foreign currency exchange risk
The objective of this program is to protect our net monetary assets and liabilities in non-functional currencies from fluctuations due to movements in foreign currency exchange rates
We attempt to minimize exposure to currencies in which hedging instruments are unavailable or prohibitively expensive by managing our operating activities and net assets position
As a result of our increased international exposure due to the KRONE acquisition, we may expand our foreign currency hedging program in the future
At October 31, 2005, the principal currency for which we have implemented a hedging strategy is the Australian dollar
Based on the trading history of our common stock and the nature of the market for publicly traded securities of companies in our industry, we believe that some factors have caused and are likely to continue to cause the market price of our common stock to fluctuate substantially
These fluctuations could occur from day-to-day or over a longer period of time
The factors that may cause such fluctuations include, without limitation: • announcements of new products and services by us or our competitors; • quarterly fluctuations in our financial results or the financial results of our competitors or our customers; • customer contract awards to us or our competitors; • increased competition with our competitors or among our customers; • consolidation among our competitors or customers; • disputes concerning intellectual property rights; • the financial health of ADC, our competitors or our customers; • developments in telecommunications regulations; • general conditions in the communications equipment industry; • general economic conditions in the US or internationally; and • rumors or speculation regarding ADC’s future business results and actions
In addition, stocks of companies in our industry in the past have experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are often unrelated to the operating performance of such companies
This market volatility may adversely affect the market price of our common stock
We have not in the past and do not intend in the foreseeable future to pay cash dividends on our common stock
We have not in the past and currently do not pay any cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future
We intend to retain future earnings, if any, to finance our operations and for general corporate purposes
Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents, our shareowner rights plan and Minnesota law could prevent or delay a change in control of our company
Provisions of our articles of incorporation and bylaws, our shareowner rights plan (also known as a “poison pill”) and Minnesota law may discourage, delay or prevent a merger or acquisition that a shareowner may consider favorable and may limit the market price for our common stock
These provisions include the following: • advance notice requirements for shareowner proposals; • authorization for our Board of Directors to issue preferred stock without shareowner approval; • authorization for our Board of Directors to issue preferred stock purchase rights upon a third party’s acquisition of 15prca or more of our outstanding shares of common stock; and • limitations on business combinations with interested shareowners
20 _________________________________________________________________ Some of these provisions may discourage a future acquisition of ADC even though our shareowners would receive an attractive value for their shares or a significant number of our shareowners believe such a proposed transaction would be in their best interest